Nonpoint Source
Mostrando 13-24 de 24 artigos, teses e dissertações.
-
13. Streamflow and sediment yield simulation within a small watershed through geoprocessing and modeling techniques. / Simulação de escoamento e de produção de sedimentos em uma microbacia hidrográfica utilizando técnicas de modelagem e geoprocessamento.
Hydrological and water quality models have been developed to evaluate the nonpoint source pollution in agricultural watershed. With this objective, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was applied to simulate the streamflow and sediment yield in Ribeirão dos Marins watershed, on the Piracicaba river basin, Brazil, for the period 1999/2000. The applic
Publicado em: 2002
-
14. Association of multiple-antibiotic-resistance profiles with point and nonpoint sources of Escherichia coli in Apalachicola Bay.
A total of 765 Escherichia coli isolates from point and nonpoint sources were collected from the Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve, and their multiple-antibiotic-resistance (MAR) profiles were determined with 10 antibiotics. E. coli isolates from point sources showed significantly greater resistance (P < 0.05) to antibiotics and higher MAR ind
-
15. Use of 16S-23S rRNA Intergenic Spacer Region PCR and Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic PCR Analyses of Escherichia coli Isolates To Identify Nonpoint Fecal Sources
Despite efforts to minimize fecal input into waterways, this kind of pollution continues to be a problem due to an inability to reliably identify nonpoint sources. Our objective was to find candidate source-specific Escherichia coli fingerprints as potential genotypic markers for raw sewage, horses, dogs, gulls, and cows. We evaluated 16S-23S rRNA intergenic
American Society for Microbiology.
-
16. Riparian deforestation, stream narrowing, and loss of stream ecosystem services
A study of 16 streams in eastern North America shows that riparian deforestation causes channel narrowing, which reduces the total amount of stream habitat and ecosystem per unit channel length and compromises in-stream processing of pollutants. Wide forest reaches had more macroinvertebrates, total ecosystem processing of organic matter, and nitrogen uptake
National Academy of Sciences.
-
17. Foreshore Sand as a Source of Escherichia coli in Nearshore Water of a Lake Michigan Beach†
Swimming advisories due to excessive Escherichia coli concentrations are common at 63rd Street Beach, Chicago, Ill. An intensive study was undertaken to characterize the source and fate of E. coli in beach water and sand at the beach. From April through September 2000, water and sand samples were collected daily or twice daily at two depths on three consecut
American Society for Microbiology.
-
18. Bacteriological Quality of Runoff Water from Pastureland †
Runoff from a cow-calf pasture in eastern Nebraska was monitored for total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), and fecal streptococci (FS) during 1976, 1977, and 1978. Bacteriological counts in runoff from both grazed and ungrazed areas generally exceeded recommended water quality standards. The FC group was the best indicator group of the impact of grazin
-
19. Genetic Diversity of Escherichia coli Isolated from Urban Rivers and Beach Water
Repetitive element anchored PCR was used to evaluate the genetic profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from surface water contaminated with urban stormwater, sanitary sewage, and gull feces to determine if strains found in environmental samples reflect the strain composition of E. coli obtained from host sources. Overall, there was less diversity in isolates
American Society for Microbiology.
-
20. Determining Sources of Fecal Pollution in a Rural Virginia Watershed with Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Fecal Streptococci
Nonpoint sources of pollution that contribute fecal bacteria to surface waters have proven difficult to identify. Knowledge of pollution sources could aid in restoration of the water quality, reduce the amounts of nutrients leaving watersheds, and reduce the danger of infectious disease resulting from exposure to contaminated waters. Patterns of antibiotic r
American Society for Microbiology.
-
21. Genotyping Cryptosporidium parvum with an hsp70 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Microarray
We investigated the application of an oligonucleotide microarray to (i) specifically detect Cryptosporidium spp., (ii) differentiate between closely related C. parvum isolates and Cryptosporidium species, and (iii) differentiate between principle genotypes known to infect humans. A microarray of 68 capture probes targeting seven single-nucleotide polymorphis
American Society for Microbiology.
-
22. Genetic Factors Affecting Recovery of Nonpoint Mutations in the Region of a Gene Coding for Ornithine Transcarbamylase: Involvement of Both the F Factor in Its Chromosomal State and the recA Gene
Mutants of E. coli K12 that overproduce ornithine transcarbamylase can be identified in Car- strains because they permit utilization of citrulline as a carbamyl phosphate source, due to reversal of the normal OTCase reaction; they are called Cut mutants (citrulline utilizers). Hfr strains that carry the F factor adjacent to argF (one of two duplicate genes t
-
23. Integral Strategy for Evaluation of Fecal Indicator Performance in Bird-Influenced Saline Inland Waters
Wild birds are an important nonpoint source of fecal contamination of surface waters, but their contribution to fecal pollution is mostly difficult to estimate. Thus, to evaluate the relation between feces production and input of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) into aquatic environments by wild waterfowl, we introduced a new holistic approach for evaluating t
American Society for Microbiology.
-
24. Discrimination Efficacy of Fecal Pollution Detection in Different Aquatic Habitats of a High-Altitude Tropical Country, Using Presumptive Coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens Spores
The performance of rapid and practicable techniques that presumptively identify total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens spores (CP) by testing them on a pollution gradient in differing aquatic habitats in a high-altitude tropical country was evaluated during a 12-month period. Site selection was based on high
American Society for Microbiology.