Neurotoxic Agents
Mostrando 13-21 de 21 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Neuropsychological verbal tests may lack "hold" properties in occupational studies of neurotoxic effects.
OBJECTIVES--In epidemiological studies of neurotoxic effects neuropsychological tests are often applied to assess possible functional changes. In these studies tests presumed to be resistant to neurotoxic effects, "hold tests", are often used to adjust performance in tests presumed to be sensitive to neurotoxic effects, "nonhold tests", in assessment of pre-
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14. Neurotoxicity of acrylamide and its analogues and effects of these analogues and other agents on acrylamide neuropathy.
N-Hydroxymethylacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, and N,N-diethylacrylamide produce peripheral neuropathy in rats. Seven other compounds related to acrylamide do not produce neuropathy. Rats given one of the three neurotoxic compounds are more susceptible to acrylamide. A regime for testing acrylamide analogues for neuro-toxicity is suggested. DDT, phenobarbito
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15. Comparative toxicities of amphotericin B and its monomethyl ester derivative on glial cells in culture.
Amphotericin B (AmB) is a potent antifungal polyene macrolide antibiotic and is the drug of choice for the treatment of deep-seated mycotic infections. Its use is limited, owing to its nephrotoxicity, and it must be dispersed in deoxycholate for parenteral administration. In contrast, AME (the monomethyl derivative of AmB) is water dispersible, is appreciabl
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16. Variation in cutaneous perfusion due to synthetic pyrethroid exposure.
Synthetic pyrethroids are neurotoxic insecticides with a low mammalian toxicity. Prior investigations have found these agents to be neither cutaneous irritants nor sensitisers. Clinically demonstrable inflammation, as judged by erythema, oedema, or vesiculation, has not been apparent. Nevertheless, paraesthesia does result from cutaneous exposure. In this in
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17. Bacterial Cell Surface Display of Organophosphorus Hydrolase for Selective Screening of Improved Hydrolysis of Organophosphate Nerve Agents
Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) is a bacterial enzyme that has been shown to degrade a wide range of neurotoxic organophosphate nerve agents. However, the effectiveness of degradation varies dramatically, ranging from highly efficient with paraoxon to relatively slow with methyl parathion. Sequential cycles of DNA shuffling and screening were used to fine-t
American Society for Microbiology.
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18. An intact interchain disulfide bond is required for the neurotoxicity of tetanus toxin.
Tetanus toxin is composed of a heavy chain (100 kDa) and a light chain (50 kDa) held together by a single interchain disulfide bridge. An additional intrachain disulfide is present in the carboxy-terminal part of the heavy chain. Reduction of the two disulfide bonds in tetanus toxin with both chemical and proteinaceous reducing agents was studied. Dithiothre
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19. Serum and depolarizing agents cause acute neurotoxicity in cultured cerebellar granule cells: role of the glutamate receptor responsive to N-methyl-D-aspartate.
The life span of neonatal rat cerebellar granule cells, grown in basal minimal Eagle's medium containing 10% (vol/vol) fetal calf serum, was extended to 21-30 days by weekly supplementation with glucose. Addition of 1% fetal calf serum to the culture at 14 days killed 85% of the cells within 1 hr. This lethal effect could be prevented by the N-methyl-D-aspar
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20. Isoform-specific regulation of mood behavior and pancreatic β cell and cardiovascular function by L-type Ca2+ channels
Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) are believed to underlie Ca2+ currents in brain, pancreatic β cells, and the cardiovascular system. In the CNS, neuronal LTCCs control excitation-transcription coupling and neuronal plasticity. However, the pharmacotherapeutic implications of CNS LTCC modulation are difficult to study because LTCC modulators ca
American Society for Clinical Investigation.
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21. Distinct pharmacological properties and distribution in neurons and endocrine cells of two isoforms of the human vesicular monoamine transporter.
A second isoform of the human vesicular monoamine transporter (hVMAT) has been cloned from a pheochromocytoma cDNA library. The contribution of the two transporter isoforms to monoamine storage in human neuroendocrine tissues was examined with isoform-specific polyclonal antibodies against hVMAT1 and hVMAT2. Central, peripheral, and enteric neurons express o