Microbicidal Function
Mostrando 13-24 de 58 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Effects of surgery on neutrophil granulocyte function.
The high incidence of postoperative infections raises the possibility of a reduced defense to infection during this period. For this reason, neutrophil function and enzyme activity were investigated after surgical trauma. The microbicidal ability of neutrophils was markedly impaired within 2 h of elective abdominal hysterectomy, but phagocytosis was unaffect
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14. Effect of antimicrobial agents on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte microbicidal function.
The effect of 19 antimicrobial agents on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte function was evaluated by chemiluminescence assays, yeast phagocytosis and killing, and lactate dehydrogenase release. Tetracycline and trimethoprim inhibited chemiluminescence and reduced killing at therapeutic concentrations of 2 microgram/ml. Cephalothin inhibited yeast killing at
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15. Modification of interactions between neutrophils and staphylococci by lysosomotropic weak bases.
Weak bases that alkalinize the pH within neutrophil lysosomes inhibit in vitro cell functions, including lysosomal enzyme release and superoxide production. To determine the relevance of this inhibition to microbicidal activity, the effect of lysosomotropic weak bases on interactions between human neutrophils and Staphylococcus aureus 502a was studied. After
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16. Defective Mononuclear Phagocyte Function in Patients with Myelomonocytic Leukemia and in Some Patients with Lymphoma
Mononuclear phagocytes from 8 of 10 patients with myelomonocytic leukemia and 2 of 9 patients with lymphoma phagocytized several species of bacteria but did not inhibit intracellular bacterial replication normally. Intracellular organisms were protected from the lethal effects of antibiotics in the medium. This defect of microbicidal function of malignant mo
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17. Superoxide production by phagocytic leukocytes: the scientific legacy of Bernard Babior
It was 32 years ago that Bernard Babior, Ruby Kipnes, and I submitted a paper to the JCI reporting that polymorphonuclear leukocytes produce superoxide (O2–) during phagocytosis and that this highly reactive oxygen radical might function as a microbicidal agent. The story of how our lab came to this discovery is one of a special relationship between a stud
American Society for Clinical Investigation.
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18. Biochemical and functional alterations in macrophages after thermal injury.
Biochemical and functional measurements of rat pulmonary alveolar macrophages were measured 4 h after 1 10-s, 26 to 28% total body surface area, full-thickness scald burn induced under ether anesthesia. Both phagocytic activity and capacity were significantly decreased to a comparable extent, whereas microbicidal activity was increased almost twofold in macr
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19. Interleukin 10 inhibits macrophage microbicidal activity by blocking the endogenous production of tumor necrosis factor alpha required as a costimulatory factor for interferon gamma-induced activation.
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits interferon gamma-induced macrophage activation for cytotoxicity against larvae of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni by suppressing production of the toxic effector molecule nitric oxide (NO). In this study, the mechanism of IL-10 action was identified as inhibition of endogenous tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) pro
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20. Microbicidal Activity of Peroxidaseless Chicken Heterophile Leukocytes
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) of the domestic chicken lack myeloperoxidase and, therefore, may be useful for studies of myeloperoxidase-independent antimicrobial mechanisms. Before such studies were undertaken, it was important to investigate the antimicrobial capacity of these cells against species of opportunistic pathogens that cause infection in hum
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21. In Vitro Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to Thrombin-Induced Platelet Microbicidal Protein Is Associated with Alterations in Cytoplasmic Membrane Fluidity
Platelet microbicidal proteins (PMPs) are small, cationic peptides which possess potent microbicidal activities against common bloodstream pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus. We previously showed that S. aureus strains exhibiting resistance to thrombin-induced PMP (tPMP-1) in vitro have an enhanced capacity to cause human and experimental endocarditis
American Society for Microbiology.
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22. Nocardia species: host-parasite relationships.
The nocardiae are bacteria belonging to the aerobic actinomycetes. They are an important part of the normal soil microflora worldwide. The type species, Nocardia asteroides, and N. brasiliensis, N. farcinica, N. otitidiscaviarum, N. nova, and N. transvalensis cause a variety of diseases in both normal and immunocompromised humans and animals. The mechanisms
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23. Methionine oxidation contributes to bacterial killing by the myeloperoxidase system of neutrophils
Reactive oxygen intermediates generated by neutrophils kill bacteria and are implicated in inflammatory tissue injury, but precise molecular targets are undefined. We demonstrate that neutrophils use myeloperoxidase (MPO) to convert methionine residues of ingested Escherichia coli to methionine sulfoxide in high yield. Neutrophils deficient in individual com
National Academy of Sciences.
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24. Electropositive Charge in α-Defensin Bactericidal Activity: Functional Effects of Lys-for-Arg Substitutions Vary with the Peptide Primary Structure▿ §
Cationic amino acids contribute to α-defensin bactericidal activity. Curiously, although Arg and Lys have equivalent electropositive charges at neutral pH, α-defensins contain an average of nine Arg residues per Lys residue. To investigate the role of high α-defensin Arg content, all Arg residues in mouse Paneth cell α-defensin cryptdin 4 (Crp4) and rhes
American Society for Microbiology (ASM).