High Sucrose Diet
Mostrando 13-24 de 37 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Disengaging insulin from corticosterone: roles of each on energy intake and disposition
Corticosterone and insulin play complex roles in the amount and composition of calories ingested, and the utilization and deposition of this energy. Understanding the interplay of these two hormones is complicated because increasing concentrations of corticosterone dose-dependently increase circulating insulin levels. We addressed individual contributions of
American Physiological Society.
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14. Altered regulation of apolipoprotein A-IV gene expression in the liver of the genetically obese Zucker rat.
Apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV, a structural component of chylomicrons and high-density lipoproteins, may play a role in the catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and in reverse cholesterol transport. To study the regulation of apoA-IV gene expression by genetic and nutritional factors, we determined the effect of a fish oil-rich and a sucrose-rich diet on
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15. Relationship between host age and susceptibility to oral colonization by Actinomyces viscosus in Sprague-Dawley rats.
The colonization of Actinomyces viscosus strain Ny-1R on the molar teeth of conventional and ex-germfree rats of various ages fed either a high-sucrose diet, a high-glucose diet, or laboratory chow was studied. Conventional rats directly after weaning and up to 30 days of age are less susceptible to experimental infection by strain Ny-1R than are older rats
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16. Effect of fluoride on growth and acid production by Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque.
The aim of this study was to measure the effect of fluoride on the production of organic acids by Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque. The effect was studied in a simplified model of dental plaque with gnotobiotic rats monoinfected with S. mutans Ny341. Adaptation of S. mutans to fluoride was induced by feeding one group of the rats on fluoride-containing
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17. Variable colonization by oral streptococci in molar fissures of monoinfected gnotobiotic rats.
Germfree Sprague-Dawley rats, fed a high-sucrose diet, were monoinfected with strains of Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, and Streptococcus mutans. Viable cell recoveries from six molar teeth, considered to reflect mainly bacterial colonization of intact fissures, were in the order of 10(6), 10(7), and 10(8) CFU, respectively. Some of the implicat
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18. Paradoxical resistance to diet-induced obesity in UCP1-deficient mice
The availability of mice lacking the mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP1, has provided an opportunity to analyze the relationship between the capacity for energy expenditure and the development of obesity in response to a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Congenic UCP1-deficient mice on a C57BL/6J genetic background show a temperature-dependent resistance to di
American Society for Clinical Investigation.
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19. Evolutionary matches of enzyme and transporter capacities to dietary substrate loads in the intestinal brush border
Safety factors of enzymes and transporters are defined as the ratio of Vmax (maximal reaction rates at high substrate concentrations) to the reaction rate under actual physiological conditions. Although corresponding safety factors have been measured for macroscopic biological structures and for human-engineered structures, safety factors have been little st
The National Academy of Sciences.
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20. Receptors for Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Play a Protective Role against Obesity and Alter Adipose Tissue Macrophage Status
TNF-α signals through two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. Our goals were: 1) determine the role of TNFRs in obesity and metabolic disease and 2) investigate whether TNFRs contribute to the link between obesity and adipose tissue macrophage infiltration and polarization. R1−/−R2−/− (RKO) and wild-type (WT) mice were fed standard chow or a high-fat/high-s
The Endocrine Society.
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21. Pre-illness dietary factors in inflammatory bowel disease.
BACKGROUND: The effect of environmental factors has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nutrition may be one of them. AIM: To investigate the pre-illness diet in patients with recent IBD in comparison with matched population and clinic controls. METHODS: Quantified dietary histories were obtained from 87 patients with r
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22. Dietary Fructose and Glucose Differentially Affect Lipid and Glucose Homeostasis1–3
Absorbed glucose and fructose differ in that glucose largely escapes first-pass removal by the liver, whereas fructose does not, resulting in different metabolic effects of these 2 monosaccharides. In short-term controlled feeding studies, dietary fructose significantly increases postprandial triglyceride (TG) levels and has little effect on serum glucose co
American Society for Nutrition.
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23. Proteolytic cleavage product of 30-kDa adipocyte complement-related protein increases fatty acid oxidation in muscle and causes weight loss in mice
Adipocyte complement-related protein (30 kDa) (Acrp30), a secreted protein of unknown function, is exclusively expressed in differentiated adipocytes; its mRNA is decreased in obese humans and mice. Here we describe novel pharmacological properties of the protease-generated globular head domain of Acrp30 (gAcrp30). Acute treatment of mice with gAcrp30 s
The National Academy of Sciences.
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24. Isolation and immunobiological classification of Streptococcus sanguis from human tooth surfaces.
A total of 113 pure cultures of Streptococcus sanguis were obtained from dental plaque samples of 64 subjects. All isolates synthesized glucan from sucrose, elaborated peroxide, and were alpha-hemolytic. Two biotypes and four serotypes were differentiated within the species. Biotype A (95 isolates) fermented salicin and inulin and hydrolyzed arginine and esc