Fear Potentiated Startle
Mostrando 1-12 de 12 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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1. Envolvimento de mecanismos glutamatérgicos da substância cinzenta periaquedutal dorsal e do hipotálamo medial no medo condicionado à luz / Involvement of glutamatergic mechanisms of the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter and medial hypothalamus in conditioned fear to the light
A substância cinzenta periaquedutal dorsal (dPAG) e o hipotálamo medial (MH) são duas estruturas encefálicas que estão envolvidas na elaboração de estados aversivos e expressão de respostas defensivas. A estimulação elétrica da dPAG ou do MH produz uma série de respostas comportamentais que se assemelham às respostas defensivas induzidas pela pr
IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Publicado em: 27/09/2012
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2. Gabaergic mechanisms of anterior and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei in the expression of freezing in response to a light-conditioned stimulus
The amygdala, dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG), and medial hypothalamus have long been recognized to comprise a neural system responsible for the generation and elaboration of unconditioned fear in the brain. This neural substrate is well known to be under tonic inhibitory control exerted by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) mechanisms. Some evidence also suggest
Psychology & Neuroscience. Publicado em: 2011
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3. Involvement of dopaminergic receptors of ventral tegmental area and basolateral amygdala in the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear / Envolvimento de receptores dopaminérgicos da área tegmental ventral e do complexo basolateral da amígdala na aquisição e na expressão do medo condicionado
OLIVEIRA, A.R. Envolvimento de receptores dopaminérgicos da área tegmental ventral e do complexo basolateral da amígdala na aquisição e na expressão do medo condicionado. 2010. 93 f. Tese (Doutorado) Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. O condicionamento Pavloviano é um dos paradigmas mais utilizad
Publicado em: 2010
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4. Mecanismos dopaminérgicos na aquisição e expressão do medo condicionado: envolvimento de receptores D1 e D2 / Dopaminergic mechanisms in the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear: involviment of D1 and D2 receptors
The increase in the startle reflex in the presence of a stimulus that has been previously paired to footshock is taken as an index of fear and named fear potentiated startle (FPS). Freezing behavior, a cessation of all observable movements, except those associated with respiration, has also been used as an index of fear in rats. A growing body of evidence ha
Publicado em: 2006
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5. Pharmacology of human experimental anxiety
This review covers the effect of drugs affecting anxiety using four psychological procedures for inducing experimental anxiety applied to healthy volunteers and patients with anxiety disorders. The first is aversive conditioning of the skin conductance responses to tones. The second is simulated public speaking, which consists of speaking in front of a video
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Publicado em: 2003-04
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6. Second-Order Olfactory-Mediated Fear-Potentiated Startle
Recently, we reported that discrete (4-sec) olfactory cues paired with footshock serve as effective conditioned stimuli (CSs) for potentiating the acoustic startle response in rats using the fear-potentiated startle paradigm. Because odors are such salient cues for the rat, and because of the robust olfactory conditioning observed previously, the current stu
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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7. Glutamate receptor antagonist infusions into the basolateral and medial amygdala reveal differential contributions to olfactory vs. context fear conditioning and expression
The basolateral amygdala's involvement in fear acquisition and expression to visual and auditory stimuli is well known. The involvement of the basolateral and other amygdala areas in fear acquisition and expression to stimuli of other modalities is less certain. We evaluated the contribution of the basolateral and medial amygdala to olfactory and to context
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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8. Timing of Fear Expression in Trace and Delay Conditioning Measured by Fear-Potentiated Startle in Rats
In two experiments, the time course of the expression of fear in trace (hippocampus-dependent) versus delay (hippocampus-independent) conditioning was characterized with a high degree of temporal specificity using fear-potentiated startle. In experiment 1, groups of rats were given delay fear conditioning or trace fear conditioning with a 3- or 12-sec trace
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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9. AX+, BX- Discrimination Learning in the Fear-Potentiated Startle Paradigm: Possible Relevance to Inhibitory Fear Learning in Extinction
The neural mechanisms of fear suppression most commonly are studied through the use of extinction, a behavioral procedure in which a feared stimulus (i.e., one previously paired with shock) is nonreinforced repeatedly, leading to a reduction or elimination of the fear response. Although extinction is perhaps the most convenient index of fear inhibition, a gr
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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10. Activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors induces depotentiation in amygdala slices and reduces fear-potentiated startle in rats
There is a close correlation between long-term potentiation (LTP) in the synapses of lateral amygdala (LA) and fear conditioning in animals. We predict that reversal of LTP (depotentiation) in this area of the brain may ameliorate conditioned fear. Activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR II) with DCG-IV induces depotentiation in the LA
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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11. Blockade of NMDA Receptors in the Amygdala Prevents Latent Inhibition of Fear-Conditioning
The association between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) in fear-conditioning depends on N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the basolateral amygdala complex (BLA). Latent inhibition (LI) is the retardation in learning due to nonreinforced presentation of the prospective CS before conditioning. Disruption of LI in rats is a
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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12. A synthetic agonist at the orphanin FQ/nociceptin receptor ORL1: Anxiolytic profile in the rat
The biochemical and behavioral effects of a nonpeptidic, selective, and brain-penetrant agonist at the ORL1 receptor are reported herein. This low molecular weight compound {(1S,3aS)-8- (2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydro-1H-phenalen-1-yl)-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triaza- spiro[4.5]decan-4-one} has high affinity for recombinant human ORL1 receptors and has 100-fold selectivity fo
The National Academy of Sciences.