Event Trees
Mostrando 13-24 de 26 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Natural Infection of a Household Pet Red-Capped Mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus) with a New Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
A seroprevalence survey was conducted for simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) antibody in household pet monkeys in Gabon. Twenty-nine monkeys representing seven species were analyzed. By using human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)/SIVsm, SIVmnd, and SIVagm antigens, one red-capped mangabey (RCM) (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus) was identified as harbor
American Society for Microbiology.
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14. Date of the monocot-dicot divergence estimated from chloroplast DNA sequence data.
The divergence between monocots and dicots represents a major event in higher plant evolution, yet the date of its occurrence remains unknown because of the scarcity of relevant fossils. We have estimated this date by reconstructing phylogenetic trees from chloroplast DNA sequences, using two independent approaches: the rate of synonymous nucleotide substitu
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15. Island colonization and evolution of the insular woody habit in Echium L. (Boraginaceae).
Numerous island-inhabiting species of predominantly herbaceous angiosperm genera are woody shrubs or trees. Such "insular woodiness" is strongly manifested in the genus Echium, in which the continental species of circummediterranean distribution are herbaceous, whereas endemic species of islands along the Atlantic coast of north Africa are woody perennial sh
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16. Soil Microbial Community Structure across a Thermal Gradient following a Geothermal Heating Event
In this study microbial species diversity was assessed across a landscape in Yellowstone National Park, where an abrupt increase in soil temperature had occurred due to recent geothermal activity. Soil temperatures were measured, and samples were taken across a temperature gradient (35 to 65°C at a 15-cm depth) that spanned geothermally disturbed and unimpa
American Society for Microbiology.
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17. Coevolution between a cockroach and its bacterial endosymbiont: a biogeographical perspective.
Cryptocercus are subsocial, xylophagous cockroaches that live in temperate forests. Like other cockroaches, Cryptocercus harbour endosymbiotic bacteria in their fat bodies. Two species of Cryptocercus occur in the palaearctic, one each in eastern Russia and south-central China. In the USA, there are five species: one in the north-west and four in the south-e
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18. Recombinational history and molecular evolution of western equine encephalomyelitis complex alphaviruses.
Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) virus (Togaviridae: Alphavirus) was shown previously to have arisen by recombination between eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE)- and Sindbis-like viruses (C. S. Hahn, S. Lustig, E. G. Strauss, and J. H. Strauss, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:5997-6001, 1988). We have now examined the recombinational history and evol
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19. Tracking molecular evolution of photosynthesis by characterization of a major photosynthesis gene cluster from Heliobacillus mobilis
A DNA sequence has been obtained for a 35.6-kb genomic segment from Heliobacillus mobilis that contains a major cluster of photosynthesis genes. A total of 30 ORFs were identified, 20 of which encode enzymes for bacteriochlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis, reaction-center (RC) apoprotein, and cytochromes for cyclic electron transport. Donor side electron
The National Academy of Sciences.
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20. Phylogeny of rice genomes with emphasis on origins of allotetraploid species
The rice genus, Oryza, which comprises 23 species and 9 recognized genome types, represents an enormous gene pool for genetic improvement of rice cultivars. Clarification of phylogenetic relationships of rice genomes is critical for effective utilization of the wild rice germ plasm. By generating and comparing two nuclear gene (Adh1 and Adh2) trees and a chl
The National Academy of Sciences.
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21. Origin of plant glycerol transporters by horizontal gene transfer and functional recruitment
Gene-family evolution mostly relies on gene duplication coupled with functional diversification of gene products. However, other evolutionary mechanisms may also be important in generating protein diversity. The ubiquitous membrane intrinsic protein (MIP) gene family is an excellent model system to search for such alternative evolutionary mechanisms. MIPs ar
National Academy of Sciences.
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22. The heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Thailand is caused by an intersubtype (A/E) recombinant of African origin.
Since 1989, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has spread explosively through the heterosexual population in Thailand. This epidemic is caused primarily by viruses classified as "subtype E", which, on the basis of limited sequence comparisons, appear to represent hybrids of subtypes A (gag) and E (env). However, the true evolutionary origins of "sub
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23. From Gene Trees to Organismal Phylogeny in Prokaryotes:The Case of the γ-Proteobacteria
The rapid increase in published genomic sequences for bacteria presents the first opportunity to reconstruct evolutionary events on the scale of entire genomes. However, extensive lateral gene transfer (LGT) may thwart this goal by preventing the establishment of organismal relationships based on individual gene phylogenies. The group for which cases of LGT
Public Library of Science.
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24. Reassortment and Insertion-Deletion Are Strategies for the Evolution of Influenza B Viruses in Nature
The evolution of influenza B viruses is poorly understood. Reassortment of influenza B viruses in nature as a means of genetic variation has not been considered to be a major contributor to their evolution. However, the current practice of assigning evolutionary relationships by antigenic analysis of the hemagglutinin of influenza B viruses would fail to det
American Society for Microbiology.