Chemotactic Mediators
Mostrando 13-24 de 55 artigos, teses e dissertações.
-
13. Evaluation of Role Played by Mediators of Immediate Hypersensitivity in Exercise-induced Asthma
To determine whether mediators of immediate hypersensitivity played a role in the pathogenesis of exercise-induced asthma, we measured the concentration of histamine and neutrophil-chemotactic activity present in systemic arterial blood during thermal challenges in five asymptomatic asthmatics. Because exercise-induced asthma has been shown to be a result of
-
14. In vivo and in vitro studies on possible pathogenic mechanisms of Actinomyces viscosus.
Actinomycotic infections are characterized by long-term inflammatory lesions containing large numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and mononuclear cells. The pathogenic mechanisms involved in these lesions are not understood. Homogenates of Actinomyces viscosus (AVIS) induce an acute inflammatory response with a predominance of PMNs within 6 h afte
-
15. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte and monocyte chemoattractants produced by human fibroblasts.
The elaboration of leukocyte chemotactic factors by human fibroblasts was studied. 12 lines of normal fibroblasts obtained by skin biopsy and then cultured in vitro produced chemoattractants (assessed by modified Boyden-chamber techniques) for both peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes (obtained by Hypaque-Ficoll and dextran sedimentati
-
16. Effect of Clostridium difficile toxin A on CD11/CD18 expression in vitro.
Clostridium difficile toxin A is chemotactic for neutrophils and induces their emigration into the colonic mucosae of rodents. We found that toxin A did not upregulate neutrophil beta 2 integrins on isolated human neutrophils. These data support the hypothesis that in C. difficile colitis, these adhesion molecules are upregulated by endogenous mediators.
-
17. Spasmogenic activity of chemotactic N-formylated oligopeptides: identity of structure--function relationships for chemotactic and spasmogenic activities.
The chemotactic N-formylated oligopeptides are potent spasmogenic agents for guinea pig ileum. Structure-activity studies with various N-formylated peptides suggest the presence of a specific receptor that resembles in specificity the formyl peptide receptor on leukocytes. A competitive antagonist of the formyl peptide receptor on leukocytes also inhibits fo
-
18. Direct activation of human peritoneal mesothelial cells by heat-killed microorganisms.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine if human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) can be activated directly by bacterial products contained in preparations of heat-killed Escherichia coli and staphylococci. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: It has been shown recently that cytokine-activated HPMCs produce the inflammatory mediators, interleukin-1, interle
-
19. Streptolysin O Inhibition of Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Mobility: Nonimmune Phenomenon with Species Specificity
The effects of streptolysin O (SO) (1 to 4 hemolytic units) on the mobility of neutrophilic leukocytes from humans, baboons, sheep, and rabbits were compared. After SO treatment, chemotaxis and random mobility of human neutrophils were markedly suppressed, baboon and sheep neutrophils were partially suppressed, and rabbit neutrophils were unaffected and demo
-
20. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), -2, and -3 are chemotactic for human T lymphocytes.
Monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, -2, and -3 all have been shown to induce monocyte/macrophage migration in vitro and MCP-1, also known as MCAF, chemoattracts basophils and mast cells. We report here that natural MCP-1 as well as synthetic preparations of MCP-2 and MCP-3 stimulate significant in vitro chemotaxis of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes. T
-
21. Exercise-induced stimulation of murine macrophage chemotaxis: role of corticosterone and prolactin as mediators.
1. Exercise provokes changes in the immune system, including macrophage activity. Chemotaxis is a necessary function of macrophages if they are to reach the focus of infection and strenuous acute exercise may modulate chemotaxis. However, the precise mechanisms remain unknown. 2. Three experiments were performed in the present study. (1) The effect of strenu
-
22. Activation of alveolar macrophages in lung injury associated with experimental acute pancreatitis is mediated by the liver.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate (1) whether alveolar macrophages are activated as a consequence of acute pancreatitis (AP), (2) the implication of inflammatory factors released by these macrophages in the process of neutrophil migration into the lungs observed in lung injury induced by AP, and (3) the role of the liver in the activation of alveolar macrophages. SUMMA
-
23. Erythrocyte scaffolding protein p55/MPP1 functions as an essential regulator of neutrophil polarity
As mediators of innate immunity, neutrophils respond to chemoattractants by adopting a highly polarized morphology. Efficient chemotaxis requires the formation of one prominent pseudopod at the cell front characterized by actin polymerization, while local inhibition suppresses the formation of rear and lateral protrusions. This asymmetric control of signalin
National Academy of Sciences.
-
24. Enhancement of basophil chemotaxis in vitro by virus-induced interferon.
It is well established that viral infections may precipitate or worsen attacks of bronchial asthma. Furthermore, in symptomatic atopic subjects, the local accumulation of basophils and the production of a basophil chemotactic factor have been reported. We have investigated the effect of cell-free supernates from viral stimulated cultures of human mononuclear