Brain Connectivity
Mostrando 25-36 de 57 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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25. Connectivity optimization and the positioning of cortical areas
By examining many alternative arrangements of cortical areas, we have found that the arrangement actually present in the brain minimizes the volume of the axons required for interconnecting the areas. Our observations support the notion that the organization of cortical areas has evolved to optimize interareal connections.
National Academy of Sciences.
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26. Motifs in Brain Networks
Complex brains have evolved a highly efficient network architecture whose structural connectivity is capable of generating a large repertoire of functional states. We detect characteristic network building blocks (structural and functional motifs) in neuroanatomical data sets and identify a small set of structural motifs that occur in significantly increased
Public Library of Science.
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27. Neuroserpin, an axonally secreted serine protease inhibitor.
We have identified and chromatographically purified an axonally secreted glycoprotein of CNS and PNS neurons. Several peptides derived from it were microsequenced. Based on these sequences, a fragment of the corresponding cDNA was amplified and used as a probe to isolate a full length cDNA from a chicken brain cDNA library. Because the deduced amino acid seq
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28. Attraction of specific thalamic input by cerebral grafts depends on the molecular identity of the implant.
The cerebral cortex of mammals differentiates into functionally distinct areas that exhibit unique cytoarchitecture, connectivity, and molecular characteristics. Molecular specification of cells fated for limbic cortical areas, based on the expression of the limbic system-associated membrane protein (LAMP), occurs during an early period of brain development.
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29. Dynamic imaging of coherent sources: Studying neural interactions in the human brain
Functional connectivity between cortical areas may appear as correlated time behavior of neural activity. It has been suggested that merging of separate features into a single percept (“binding”) is associated with coherent gamma band activity across the cortical areas involved. Therefore, it would be of utmost interest to image cortico-cortical coh
The National Academy of Sciences.
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30. Genome-wide expression analysis reveals dysregulation of myelination-related genes in chronic schizophrenia
Neuropathological and brain imaging studies suggest that schizophrenia may result from neurodevelopmental defects. Cytoarchitectural studies indicate cellular abnormalities suggestive of a disruption in neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia, particularly in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying these findings rema
The National Academy of Sciences.
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31. Retrograde trans-synaptic transfer of green fluorescent protein allows the genetic mapping of neuronal circuits in transgenic mice
The function of the nervous system is a consequence of the intricate synaptic connectivity of its neurons. Our understanding of these highly complex networks has profited enormously from methods used over the past two decades that are based on the mechanical injection of tracer molecules into brain regions. We have developed a genetic system for the mapping
The National Academy of Sciences.
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32. All-or-none potentiation at CA3-CA1 synapses
The molecular mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation in the hippocampus have received much attention because of the likely functional importance of synaptic plasticity for information storage and the development of neuronal connectivity. Surprisingly, it remains unclear whether activity modifies the strength of individual synapses in a digital (all-or-
The National Academy of Sciences.
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33. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the human frontal cortex: implications for repetitive TMS treatment of depression
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive tool used to manipulate activity in specific neural circuits of the human brain. Clinical studies suggest that, in some patients with major depression, rTMS has the potential to alleviate symptoms that may be related to functional abnormalities in a frontocingulate circuit. This paper revie
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34. Axon substitution in the reorganization of developing neural connections.
Insights into the mechanisms of normal and pathological neural development may be gained by studying the reorganization of developing neural connections, caused experimentally or by disease. Many reorganized connections are assumed to arise by the anomalous stabilization of transient connections that occur during normal development. We report that, although
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35. Chemosensory Responses to CO2 in Multiple Brain Stem Nuclei Determined Using a Voltage-Sensitive Dye in Brain Slices From Rats
We used epifluorescence microscopy and a voltage-sensitive dye, di-8-ANEPPS, to study changes in membrane potential during hypercapnia with or without synaptic blockade in chemosensory brain stem nuclei: the locus coeruleus (LC), the nucleus of the solitary tract, lateral paragigantocellularis nucleus, raphé pallidus, and raphé obscurus and, in putative no
American Physiological Society.
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36. Default-mode network activity distinguishes Alzheimer's disease from healthy aging: Evidence from functional MRI
Recent functional imaging studies have revealed coactivation in a distributed network of cortical regions that characterizes the resting state, or default mode, of the human brain. Among the brain regions implicated in this network, several, including the posterior cingulate cortex and inferior parietal lobes, have also shown decreased metabolism early in th
National Academy of Sciences.