Aversive Stimulus
Mostrando 13-24 de 31 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Dental anxiety in dental urgency atttendance and its relation with pain and salivary cortisol levels / Ansiedade ao tratamento odontológico de urgência e a sua relação com a dor e os níveis de cortisol salivar
Dental anxiety is still prevalent in patients undergoing urgency attendance, despite technical and materials improvements. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between dental anxiety and salivary cortisol concentrations in urgency patients in Setor de Urgência Odontológica da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (SU
Publicado em: 2007
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14. Response dependent and response independent environmental changes: a study on the effects of contiguity versus contingency / Alterações ambientais dependentes e independentes da resposta: uma investigação dos efeitos de contigüidade versus contingência
The effects of presenting stimuli that are well established as reinforcers independently of responding have been studied under two different perspectives. On the first perspective, through a procedure called accidentally reinforcement, stimuli are presented non-contingently, resulting in the accidental selection of a response, an effect called superstition.
Publicado em: 2006
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15. SYSTEMIC ADMINISTRATION OF POLYAMINERGIC AGENTS MODULATE FEAR CONDITIONING IN RATS. / ADMINISTRAÇÃO SISTÊMICA DE AGENTES POLIAMINÉRGICOS MODULA A MEMÓRIA NA TAREFA DE MEDO CONDICIONADO EM RATOS
The polyamines, spermine, spermidine and putrescine, are a group of aliphatic amines that interact with diverse cellular targets such as nucleic acids and proteins. The polyamines may act as physiological modulators of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. The processes mediated by NMDA receptor include synaptic plasticity and formation of neural circuitry
Publicado em: 2006
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16. The terrestrial Gastropoda Megalobulimus abbreviatus as a useful model for nociceptive experiments: effects of morphine and naloxone on thermal avoidance behavior
We describe the behavior of the snail Megalobulimus abbreviatus upon receiving thermal stimuli and the effects of pretreatment with morphine and naloxone on behavior after a thermal stimulus, in order to establish a useful model for nociceptive experiments. Snails submitted to non-functional (22ºC) and non-thermal hot-plate stress (30ºC) only displayed exp
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Publicado em: 2005-01
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17. Behavioral modulation by mutilation pictures in women
Previous studies have shown that women are more emotionally expressive than men. It is unclear, however, if women are also more susceptible to the emotional modulation of behavior imposed by an affective stimulus. To investigate this issue, we devised a task in which female subjects performed six sequential trials of visual target detection following the pre
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Publicado em: 2004-03
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18. The brain decade in debate: VI. Sensory and motor maps: dynamics and plasticity
This article is an edited transcription of a virtual symposium promoted by the Brazilian Society of Neuroscience and Behavior (SBNeC). Although the dynamics of sensory and motor representations have been one of the most studied features of the central nervous system, the actual mechanisms of brain plasticity that underlie the dynamic nature of sensory and mo
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. Publicado em: 2001-12
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19. Drosophila Conditioned Courtship: Two Ways of Testing Memory
In Drosophila, courtship reduction in male flies that have previous experience of courting a mated female is a result of the counterconditioning of an attractive unconditioned stimulus (US)—the aphrodisiac—which becomes an aversive conditioned stimulus (CS) after being paired with an aversive US—the antiaphrodisiac. In a retention test with a virgin fe
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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20. Emotion-Induced Amnesia in Rats: Working Memory-Specific Impairment, Corticosterone-Memory Correlation, and Fear Versus Arousal Effects on Memory
We have shown previously that psychological stress (predator exposure) impairs spatial memory in rats. We have extended that finding here to show that predator stress selectively impaired recently acquired (hippocampal-dependent) spatial working memory without affecting long-term (hippocampal-independent) spatial reference memory. We also investigated why pr
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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21. The amygdala is not necessary for unconditioned stimulus inflation after Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats
The basolateral complex (BLA) and central nucleus (CEA) of the amygdala play critical roles in associative learning, including Pavlovian conditioning. However, the precise role for these structures in Pavlovian conditioning is not clear. Recent work in appetitive conditioning paradigms suggests that the amygdala, particularly the BLA, has an important role i
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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22. Classical conditioning in Aplysia californica.
A form of aversive classical conditioning is described in which a chemosensory conditioned stimulus rapidly acquires the ability to modulate a defensive response (escape locomotion). Because Aplysia show both sensitization and classical conditioning, it is now possible to begin to examine the relationship between nonassociative and associative learning on be
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23. CREB activity in the nucleus accumbens shell controls gating of behavioral responses to emotional stimuli
The transcription factor cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) has been shown to regulate neural plasticity. Drugs of abuse activate CREB in the nucleus accumbens, an important part of the brain's reward pathways, and local manipulations of CREB activity have been shown to affect cocaine reward, suggesting an active role of CREB in adaptive proc
National Academy of Sciences.
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24. Context-Dependent Olfactory Learning in an Insect
We studied the capability of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus to select one of a pair of odors and to avoid the other in one context and to do the opposite in another context. One group of crickets was trained to associate one of a pair of odors (conditioned stimulus, CS1) with water reward (appetitive unconditioned stimulus, US+) and another odor (CS2) with
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.