Yield and quality of densely cultivated onion cultivars as function of nitrogen fertilization

AUTOR(ES)

Gonçalves, Francisco das C.

FONTE

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

14/10/2019

RESUMO

RESUMO O nitrogênio exerce influência marcante no rendimento e qualidade da cebola. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido no período de junho a outubro de 2016, tendo como objetivo avaliar a produtividade e qualidade de duas cultivares de cebola sob sistema adensado em função de doses de nitrogênio em Mossoró, RN. Empregou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 2 x 7, correspondendo às cultivares IPA 11 e Rio das Antas e sete doses de nitrogênio (0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225 e 270 kg ha-1 de N), fornecidas via fertigação, com quatro repetições. A dose de 92 kg ha-1 de N proporcionou as maiores produtividades total e comercial de bulbos. A adubação nitrogenada aumentou o teor de N, clorofilas a, b e total nas folhas da cebola, bem como os percentuais de bulbos das classes 3 e 4 e a pungência, reduzindo os percentuais de bulbos da classe 2 e não comerciais. As doses de 108 e 82 kg ha-1 de N proporcionaram as máximas taxas de retorno para ‘IPA 11’ (R$ 2,07) e ‘Rio das Antas’ (R$ 2,41), respectivamente.ABSTRACT Nitrogen exerts a marked influence on the yield and quality of the onion. The present work was developed from June to October 2016, aiming to evaluate the yield and quality of two cultivars of onion under a system densified as a function of nitrogen doses in Mossoró, RN, Brazil. A randomized block design was used in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme, with four repetitions, corresponding to two cultivars (IPA 11 and Rio das Antas) and seven nitrogen doses (0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225 and 270 kg ha-1 of N), provided by fertigation, with four repetitions. The dose of 92 kg ha-1 of N provides the highest total and marketable yields of bulbs. Nitrogen fertilization increases the concentrations of N, chlorophyll a, b and total in the leaves of the onion, as well as the percentage of bulbs of classes 3 and 4 and the pungency, reducing the percentage of bulbs of class 2 and non-commercial. The doses of 108 and 82 kg ha-1 of N provide the highest rates of return for ‘IPA 11’ (R$ 2.07) and ‘Rio das Antas’ (R$ 2.41), respectively.

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