Wolbachia e incompatibilidade citoplasmática em Anastrepha sp. 1 aff. fraterculus e A. obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae) / Wolbachia and cytoplasmic incompatibility into Anastrepha sp.1 aff. fraterculus and Anastrepha obliqua. (Diptera: Tephritidae)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The endosymbiont bacteria Wolbachia are vertically transmitted by the females to its progenies, although horizontal transmission between distinct taxa is also known. One of the most relevant effects caused by these bacteria in the reproductive behavior of its hosts is the cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). Wolbachia was described in several groups of arthropods, in the insects including several genera of the tefritid fruit flies. Wolbachia-induced CI was reported in Rhagoletis cerasi and Ceratitis capitata. Recently, occurrence of these bacteria was described in several species of genus Anastrepha. Search for possible Wolbachia-induced CI in crosses of Anastrepha obliqua and A. sp.1 aff. fraterculus was the aim of the present study. Amplification and sequencing of the gene wsp of Wolbachia revealed that laboratory colonies of both species were infected with this bacteria. Cytological analysis of embryos stained with DAPI showed a multitude of bacteria distributed in decreasing gradients from the posterior to the anterior pole of the embryos. The hypothesis that there is CI between the two host species was tested using infected and cured individuals. The bacteria were removed by treating the pupae at the temperature of 30o C. Rate of egg hatch in progenies recovered from crosses of cured flies were lower than egg hatch in crosses of the infected strains, but no sex-ratio deviation from the expected 1:1 was observed. Intra-specific crosses between infected and cured individuals resulted in asymmetries in the progenies of reciprocal crosses. The egg hatch in crosses of cured obliqua females to infected sp.1 males was lower than in the reciprocal crosses, clearly indicating the presence of Wolbachia-induced CI in Anastrepha. In these crosses, sex-ratio among the adults does not deviate from the 1:1 ratio. In the hybrid progenies of inter-specific crosses, it was observed a decrease in the egg hatch rate, and deviation from 1:1 in the adult sex-ratio according to the Haldanes rule. From crosses of sp.1 females to obliqua males, only females were recovered while in crosses of obliqua females to sp.1 males, males were also produced but in lower frequencies than expected. Similar results were obtained when cured individuals were crossed. Very low egg hatch rates were observed in inter-specific crosses of infected to cured individuals, when sp.1 females (infected or cured) were used. In crosses of obliqua females (infected or cured), higher egg hatch rate was observed. Egg hatch was larger in crosses of infected female to cured males than in the reciprocal crosses, indicating a Wolbachia-induced IC between the two species of Anastrepha. The sex-ratios were also according to the Haldanes rule. This is the first report of Wolbachia-induced CI in Anastrepha. The existence of a possible interaction between the bacteria and the genomes of the host species is also suggested.

ASSUNTO(S)

bactéria moscas-das-frutas. endossimbionte fruitfly endosymbiont bacteria

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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