Vivências da gravidez de adolescentes

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The high incidence of teenage pregnancy has motivated studies about its repercussions in the life of the adolescent girls, especially in their education, in the construction of economical independence and in their social relationships, especially in the family. Considering this scenario, the study had the objective to analyze the occurrence and the consequences of teenage pregnancy, recognizing the girls demands and needs for the exercise of their sexuality. It was adopted the qualitative method and the theoretical references of the historical-dialectical materialism in the methodological path. The subjects of this research were eighteen pregnant girls, aged from 13 to 19, identified using the data of the SISPRENATAL in four Basic Health Units in the city of Patrocínio, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Individual interviews with semi-structured scrip were used to collect data. The interviews were done by the researcher in the houses of the pregnant girls after the signing of the TCLE by the teenagers and their responsibles, when the girls were under 18 years old. Discourse analysis oriented by the authors Fiorin and Savioli (1997) and Orlandi (1999) was used to analyze the data. This technique made it possible to recognize the meaning of what is explicit and implicit in the discourse in concrete contexts of life of the pregnant teenagers in the study. The discourse analysis resulted in the construction of four main thematic categories: feeling of lack of protection, pregnancy as a change of life, pregnancy as a life realization and expectations towards the future. The feeling of lack of protection was expressed in the reports of the teenagers when they associate the discovery of the pregnancy with anxiety, fear and insecurity regarding the reaction of the parents, school mates and boyfriends or partners. Feelings of solitude and helplessness resulting of the separation of the family and feelings of not fitting in when it comes to love relationships and the social helplessness are also associated with this category. The feelings associated to pregnancy as a change of life emerged with the representation of the pregnancy as a desired phenomenon to some of the adolescents, while, to other girls, pregnancy was seen as something inevitable when one experiences sexuality. In this category there were also feelings of ambivalence of conflicts related to the discovery and the living of the pregnancy. The feelings associated to the pregnancy as a life realization appeared in the reports related to the conquering of a dream to some of the adolescents while, to others, motherhood was associated to a greater responsibility in life and to a possibility of concretization of their life project. The expectations regarding the future were revealed when the pregnancy was associated to a factor that would increase their ability to face difficulties, while other girls see the pregnancy as a factor that would make their life projects more difficult to achieve. The study made it possible to know the various perceptions and conflicts lived by the pregnant adolescents, reflecting the complexity and the heterogeneity of the pregnancy in the life of the adolescent girls. This study shall contribute to the elaboration of strategies and the implementation of actions that attend the needs of the adolescents when it comes to sexual education, involving the educational formation, the family support, the restructuring of the health services, the permanent education of the health and education professionals so that the access to information and to services is assured to all teenagers.

ASSUNTO(S)

questionários decs enfermagem teses gravidez na adolescência/psicologia decs relações familiares decs pesquisa qualitativa decs humanos decs feminino decs adolescente decs sexualidade decs emoções decs gravidez decs educação em saúde decs

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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