Uso de uréia de liberação lenta em suplementos protéico-energéticos fornecidos a bovinos recebendo forragens de baixa qualidade / Slow-release urea in proteic-energetic supplements fed to beef cattle receiving low quality forage

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The effects of traditional urea replacement for slow-release urea (SRU) and of two levels of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) in crude protein (CP) fraction of supplements fed at 0.6% of body weight (BW) to Nellore steers consuming Brachiaria brizantha hay (ad libitum) were evaluated. Eight animals, with 374,40kg (± 42Kg) of BW and fitted with rumen cannulas were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin Square design, composed by 5-day adjustment-periods and 12-day sampling periods. Supplements were prepared with the purpose to contain: 40% (0; 50 and 100% of SRU replacing traditional urea) or 80% of CP as a NPN source (100% of SRU). Data were analyzed using ortogonal contrasts in order to evaluate the effects of traditional urea replacement and NPN levels. Polynomial regression was used when effects of urea replacement levels were significant. To ruminal fermentation parameters evaluation, additional split-plot design was considered to assess treatments and time for sampling interaction. Replacement of traditional urea for SRU had no effects on dry matter and digestible dry matter intakes. Increasing NPN percentage of CP fraction decreased dry matter digestibility and digestible dry matter intakes as percentage of BW and in grams per kilogram of metabolic weight (MW). Crude protein digestibility was increased as SRU was included in the supplement, but had no effect on acid (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ether extract (EE), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) and organic matter (OM) digestibility. Supplement with 80% of CP as SRU NPN decreased CP, ADF and NDF digestibility. Replacement of urea for SRU decreased linearly ruminal total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration, but had no effect on acetic, propionic and butyric acids concentration, as well as acetic to propionic ratio. Increasing 40% to 80% of CP as NPN source increased acetic acid and decreased butyric concentrations. Ruminal pH and amnoniacal nitrogen concentration were not affected by SRU inclusion or NPN levels. Replacement of traditional urea for slow-release urea showed few effects on rumen fermentation patterns and on nutrients availability of low quality forage based diets. Increasing NPN percentage of diet CP fraction may compromise nutrients availability of cattle fed forage.

ASSUNTO(S)

uréia encapsulada nitrogênio não-protéico fermentação ruminal non-protein nitrogen proteína encapsulated urea ruminants protein ruminantes ruminal fermentation

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