Tratamento de infecções causadas por Acinetobacter spp. resistente a carbapenem / Treatment of infections caused by multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter spp.

AUTOR(ES)

Maura Salaroli de Oliveira

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Acinetobacter spp. is a cause of a number of infections, mainly in the ICU setting. Antimicrobials drugs frequently reported as active against Acinetobacter spp include carbapenems, colistin, ampicillin/sulbactam, amikacin, rifampin and tetracyclines and currently carbapenens are considered the main antimicrobial treatment. Unfortunately, over the past years there has been a worldwide increase in infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter. This poses a therapeutic challenge as few treatment options are avaible. We performed a retrospective review of the case records of patients from 1996 to 2004 who had nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from 2 large teaching hospitals. Diagnosis of infection was based on CDC criteria plus the isolation of Acinetobacter from a usually sterile site or from broncoalvelolar lavage. Urinary tract infections were not included. We collected data on demographic and clinical features, treatment, signs and symptoms from medical records. We evaluate 3 outcomes: mortality until the end of treatment, in-hospital mortality and clinical outcome. Eighty two patients received polymyxins (30%), 85 were treated with ampicilin-sulbactam (31%) and 99 (36%) did not receive any of these antibiotics. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the groups were similar. Multivariate analysis showed that treatment with polymyxins, Apache II score >= 15; septic shock; treatment delay and renal failure were independent predictors of mortality. On multivariate analysis, age >= 58 years, presence of septic shock and Apache II score >=15 were prognosis factors for mortality during hospitalization. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that Apache II >=15 and renal failure during treatment were associated with treatment failure. In conclusion, ampicillin-sulbactam was superior to polymyxin considering mortality during treatment.

ASSUNTO(S)

ampicillin-sulbactam acinetobacter spp polimixinas resistência a drogas acinetobacter spp ampicilina-sulbactam nosocomial infections infecção hospitalar drug resistance polymyxins

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