TRANSPORTE E HOMEOSTASE Na+/K+ SOB CONDIÃÃES DE SODICIDADE EM FEIJÃO CAUPI / Na+ and K+ transport and homeostasis under sodicity conditions in cowpea

AUTOR(ES)

Eduardo Luiz Voigt

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

High soil salinity can be associated with K+ starvation enabling interactive stresses on plant nutrition that impair crop production. The transport mechanisms on the soil-root symplast-xylem boundaries are crucial to the establishment of Na+ toxicity under salt stress, especially under low K+ availability. Then, the aim of this work was the physiological characterization of Na+ and K+ uptake and xylem loading in the roots of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Low-affinity Na+ uptake, investigated by influx experiments using detached roots, was mediated by Ca2+-sensitive and Ca2+-insensitive pathways. The Ca2+-sensitive pathway may involve non-selective cation channels (NSCCs), while the Ca2+-insensitive pathway may depend on K+ channels and NH4+-sensitive K+ transporters. High-affinity K+ uptake, examined by the excided root technique, involved NH4+-sensitive and NH4+-insensitive pathways. The NH4+-sensitive pathway may be mediated by K+ transporters from the KT/HAK/KUP e HKT families and the NH4+-insensitive pathway may depend on K+ channels. Xylem loading, assessed by root exudation experiments, indicates that the high K+/Na+ selectivity showed by cowpea was collapsed under external Na+ concentrations above 20 mM in the presence of 1 mM K+. The Na+ access to the root xylem was almost unrestricted and it was compensated by enhanced K+ release to the sap. The Na+ compartmentation into the root cells may act as a physiological barrier to Na+ exclusion from the leaves, avoiding Na+ toxicity in cowpea due to the maintenance of the high leaf K+/Na+ ratio. K+ starvation associated with salt stress intensified the Na+ flux and restricted the K+ flux into the root xylem, as it enhanced Na+ accumulation in the young leaves, allowing unfavourable conditions to ionic homeostasis in cowpea in comparison with salt stress applied individually.

ASSUNTO(S)

carregamento de na+ e k+ no xilema na+ and k+ uptake partiÃÃo de na+ e k+ absorÃÃo de na+ e k+ vigna unguiculata na+ and k+ partitioning na+ and k+ xylem loading vigna unguiculata fisiologia vegetal

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