Transferencia de coerencia atomo-campo em um micromaser de dois fotons

AUTOR(ES)

Alvaro Fernandez Gomes

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

The construction of pure states of the electromagnetic field is important not only for the study of the foundations of the quantum mechanics, such as the question of the Schrõdinger cat states, but also for its potential applications, for example, in quantum computation, quantum criptography and in higher precision measurements. In this thesis, we present three proposals where the central point is the study of the progressive transfer of coherence of atoms to the electromagnetic field, aiming the generation of a state with a higher degree of purity from a mixed state. For this we use the micromaser with the atom-field interaction given by the two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model. In our first work we initially consider atoms prepared in a coherent superposition of two states (necessary condition for the atom-field transfer of coherence) and the field in the cavity prepared in a mixed state. We determine the best interaction time for each atom so that the state of the field presents the highest possible degree of purification. We fix that time for all atoms and determine the degree of purity of the final state of the field, after N -atoms have crossed the cavity. In our second work we add to the cavity a nonlinear Kerr-like medium. Using the same procedure as in the first case, we obtain smaller atom-field interaction times as well as a higher degree of purification for the state of the field generated in the cavity, compared to the first work. Finally, we add an external classical field interacting with the atom inside the cavity without the Kerr medium. Again, with the same procedure of the previous works, we verify that the external field, besides influencing in the atom-field transfer of coherence turns unnecessary the preparation of atoms in a coherent superposition of two states. In order to characterize the state of the generated ( final) field, we have calculated the second order correlation function as well as the quasiprobàbility known as the Husimi function (or Q function)

ASSUNTO(S)

modelo dois fotons efeito de kerr jaynes-cummings otica quantica

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