Traditional agriculture and agrobiodiversity management in Central Amazon: a study case in the roçados (swidden cassava`s field) in Amanã and Mamirauá Reserves, Amazonas / Agricultura tradicional e manejo da agrobiodiversidade na Amazônia Central: um estudo de caso nos roçados de mandioca nas Reservas de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã e Mamirauá, Amazonas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

This study had the objective of understanding the agrobiodiversity management dynamics in roçados (swidden fields of cassava) in riverine communities of the Amanã and Mamirauá Sustainable Reserves in the Amazon and its relations with production, space and work management adopted by the families. The methodology adopted was based on the agrarian systems theory, agroecosystems analysis, ethnoecology and microsatellites genetic analysis. The results indicated that: 1) In the two reserves there are three productive identities, forged from the main source of economic income: agriculturists, fishing and agriculturist-fishing (they develop the two activities with commercialization aims); 2) The informers classify diverse environments as apt for agriculture, and from them diverse crop systems, that vary in function of the ecosystem (land-firm or floodplain); 3) There are two productive rationalities in agriculture (commercialization and self-consumption), which adapts to the rationalities of agrobiodiversity management; 4) The specific and varietal diversity in the roçados decreases as the level of productive specialization increases, both the fishing and agriculture. However, this is not verified in the genetic point of view, where the genes are well distributed in the varieties and populations, independent of the productive logic; 5) The roçados at the Amanã and Mamirauá SDR are extremely diverse, presenting high values of allelic diversity, polymorphism and heterozigosity; 6) The genetic diversity is structured basically within each roçado, which indicates high gene flow among the varieties of each roçado and among the varieties of the different roçados, promoted mainly by the exchange of varieties between agriculturists, diminishing the difference between roçados and increasing the frequency of different alleles in each roçado; 7) The floodplain fishing and communities have an important role in the agrobiodiversity dynamics, as they shelter a great number of species and cassava varieties in their roçados; 8) Therefore, in all the communities agriculture has an important role, which denotes that the extension strategies must foresee the production systems approach in their interventions.

ASSUNTO(S)

shifting cultivation. ecologia agrícola microsatellites Áreas de conservação cassava desenvolvimento sustentável amazônia agrobiodiversity amazon mandioca. genetic diversity ecologia evolutiva genética de populações vegetais

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados