Trabalho médico e alienação: as transformações das práticas médicas e suas implicações para os processos de humanização/desumanização do trabalho em saúde / Medical work and alienation: the transformations in medical practice and their implications on the humanization/dehumanization processes in health practice

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The subject of humanization of health services and health practices has been the object of several researches in the field of collective health due to its importance for the constitution of practices and services focused on the care and completeness of attention. The present study aimed to analyse the contemporary changes in medical work and their inplications on the humanization/dehumanization processes in the health practice. The qualitative approach to research was chosen, and the data collection was based on the triangulation of in-depth interview technique under the form of stories of the professional lives of six doctors and documental analysis. In order to analyse how the on going transformations on the medical and health practices affect the relation between health workers and users characterizing it as dehumanizing, the phylosofical basis of the dialectic relation of humanization/alienation was employed. The study of the changes the medical and health work go through has shown the construction of dynamics which potencialize relations simultaneously humanizing and alienating between their constituting subjects and their relation with the other elements that compose the health care processes. On the one hand, the permanent movement of development of theories, practices and methods increasingly efficient in approaching the patients distress, mainly on their organic aspect, represents an undeniably humanizing dimension of the health care, expressing an element increasingly rich and complex constitutive of the human genre. On the other hand, the repercussion resultant of this generic accumulation in the sphere of concrete subjects and collectives tends to produce contraditory implications expressed, for example, in the (re)production of significative levels of dehumanization and distress. This may be exemplified by the manner the contemporary movements of medical and health work socialization under frameworks centered on heteronomy, business based racionality, reified technical division and the main role played by the capital inside the health sector contribute to the conformation of work processes which progressively subordinate the self determined, reflexive and creative actions of its agents to fetishized and instrumentalizing dynamics, both for agents and users of the services. Also due to this wide spectrum of transformations, it becomes evident the deepening of the estrangement between doctors and the social determinations on their practice, the other subjects and their distress. It was analysed how these agents may stablish reificating relations with their instruments of work, either as equipment, or as non-material technologies, like the various forms of routines and protocols, contributing to a decenterment of the subjects internal to the health practices. The work in health, thus, constitutes a process-scenario in which the development of the dialectic relation humanization-alienation expresses the permanent tention between, on the one hand, the search for the conscient and self determined future of the subjects and, on the other hand, their subordination to dynamics which reproduce dehumanizing social relations

ASSUNTO(S)

alienação alienation dehumanization desumanização doctors health work humanização da assistência humanization of the health care médicos trabalho em saúde

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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