Toxic effects of cadmium on the microalgae Lingulodinium polyedrum using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) / Análise dos efeitos tóxicos de cádmio sobre a microalga Lingulodinium polyedrum utilizando cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada à espectrometria de massas (LC-MS/MS)
AUTOR(ES)
Renato Lahos Romano
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2010
RESUMO
Given the increase of environmentally harmful human activities, in particular the ones injurious to the aquatic environment, it is important to elucidate the defense mechanisms utilized by organisms exposed to damaging agents. Those species can later be suggested to be used as pollution bioindicators or bioremediatiors. Algae are of particular importance because they are the basis of the marine ecosystem food chain. Given that these organisms can accumulate toxic substances from the environment and they serve as food for other species, it will cause biomagnification of the toxic agent in the chain. The choice of the microalgae Lingulodinium polyedrum was due to its wide national and global distribution and the fact that it is a model organism for toxicology studies involving metals. This work aims to standardize the medium conditions in order to provide the ideal growth of the species; plot the growth curve; and monitor the biological aspects that change in the presence of metals, such as: photosynthetic rate, antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase activity, balance between oxidized and reduced glutathione, intracellular accumulation of metals and identification of chelating substances synthesized by the alga, known as phytochelatins. To achieve these objectives there were used analytical techniques such as spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Among the obtained results there are the decrease in the amount of reduced and oxidized glutathione when algae are exposed to the metal; reduction in the quantity of cadmium in the medium; and increase in superoxide dismutase activity and phytochelatin synthesis. Based on the results it can be concluded that phytochelatins can be used as biomarkers of exposure to cadmium and the organism have potential to bioremediate polluted environments.
ASSUNTO(S)
cádmio fitoquelatinas algas glutathione glutationa environmental toxicology toxicologia ambiental cadmium phytochelatins algae
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