The use of sugarcane bagasse as power source, according to the clean development mechanism guidelines / A utilização do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar como fonte de energia, conforme diretrizes do mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

01/09/2010

RESUMO

This work focuses on the actions sought by the authorities to minimize global climate problems that are currently changing the conditions of survival of the planet to mitigate emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. First, it is addressed the Framework Convention to start the discussions on climate changes, then the creation of the Kyoto Protocol, which came, giving nations the opportunity to act, minimizing damage to the environment, thus enabling that developing countries work together through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in creating new and more efficient technologies, replacing the use of fossil fuels by renewable energy sources. The power source focus of this work is the residue of sugar cane bagasse that is more representative biomass of the Brazilian energy matrix. The sector chosen for the research was the sugar-alcohol, through the Usina Santa Candida placed within the State of Sao Paulo. It is shown through data comparison, the current Brazilian situation in the global scenario, both in world energy supply and in the composition of the energy matrix, showing that Brazil is in a privileged position about renewable energy use in comparison to the world, and is the third more significant country that reduces emissions of CO2, which shows its commitment to the Kyoto Protocol. By creating a scenario, it is evaluated the financial performance of Usina Santa Candida (SP), after the implementation of CDM. Scenario 1 shows the financial return without cogeneration system; scenario 2 shows the financial return after installation of cogeneration system; scenario 3 shows the financial return of cogeneration system installation associated to sale of grant guarantee; and the scenario 4 shows the financial return of cogeneration system installation associated to sale of grant guarantees and the receipt obtained with carbon credit market. Briefings for scenario analysis were generated through calculations of net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback, to demonstrate the financial benefits after the adjustment to the clean development mechanism, demonstrating the gains from the sale of surplus power and the negotiations of certified emission reductions (CERs), the brief return of the investment payback, profitability by the board and monetary return for NPV. The result of the work shows that investment in compliance with the guidelines is very low compared to the financial return in the first auction of CERs, and added that the sale of surplus power, it becomes even more viable.

ASSUNTO(S)

kyotos protocol certified emission reductions redução certificada de emissão protocolo de kyoto mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo gases de efeito estufa biomassa engenharia mecanica biomass greenhouse gases clean development mechanism

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