The individual formation in the late capitalism: a study in contemporary youth / A formação do indivíduo no capitalismo tardio: um estudo sobre a juventude contemporânea

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

This study discusses youth formation in contemporary society, analyzing it from four angles: individualism, autonomy, ideology and social behavior. The main objective of the study was to verify whether there were differences in the youth formation in a big and in a small cities, identifying the possibilities for integration or resistance in each locality, as well as whether and to what extent the involvement of teenagers with technology, social groups and socio-political activities is reflected in their development and whether the levels of involvement were different or not in the two cities. Moreover, in order to understand how the four aspects analyzed in youth formation are related to one another and to technology access, social coexistence and political participation, the existence of correlations in all these aspects was also verified. The research hypotheses referred to the existence of significant differences in youth formation in both cities, those from the small city with a tendency towards more social integration and less chance of resistance than those from the bigger city, as well as higher levels of access to technology and political participation in the bigger city and social relations in the small one. In respect to the correlations, significant positive correlations among all scales and among themselves and the relationship with social groups were expected to be found, as well as negative among themselves and the technological access and political participation. To verify this hypothesis it was developed, validated and applied to 115 young people from 15 to 18 years of age, in public and private schools in the cities of São Paulo and Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, containing a questionnaire of personal data divided into two parts: personal information and three questions about access to technology (A), coexistence group (B) and political participation (C) - and the scales of Individualism, Social Behavior, Autonomy and Ideology of Technological Rationality. The discussion of data was made possible through descriptive statistics, analysis of variance of strata sampling and analysis of correlation among the scales and within themselves and the three issues mentioned above, with the following results: a) descriptive analysis of the questionnaire allowed the characterization of the research profile sample and highlighted the television as the most accessible technological asset, the family as the largest group of social coexistence for teenagers and low level of political participation, in relation to the scales, the descriptive statistics showed adherence by the subjects to the ideology of technological rationality principles, and mild disagreement about individualistic principles, heteronymous to behaviors not based on moral and ethical principles (which may also indicate implicit adherence to these principles), b) the analysis of variance between issues A, B and C indicated differences in the samples, only the issue B (social relationships) on the education network (social coexistence higher in public school), between the scales of variance no significant difference was found for the strata sample, the results of analysis of variance obtained for questions and scales denied the research hypothesis on the differences between the samples from the capital and the country cities, c) the analysis of correlations between the scales showed no correlations between all scales, confirming the research hypothesis that joining the ideology of technological rationality is related to individualism, heteronomy and tendency to behaviors not based on moral and ethical principles; correlations between the scales and the issues revealed significant correlations between the scale of ideology and issues B and C, confirming only in part the research hypothesis. Generally, these results denote the strength of the integrative tendency in contemporary society, but also indicate, in opposition to some research hypotheses, that the pseudo-developmental process leading to the youths individual and social regression has not been completed yet, offering resistance to the adherence to the totality

ASSUNTO(S)

juventude -- condicoes sociais jovens -- conduta formação de jovens social psychology critical theory psicologia social psicologia social escalas de atitudes teoria critica youth formation attitudes scales

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