The Development of Distributive Justice in Children / O desenvolvimento da justiÃa distributiva em crianÃas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

The main aim of this research was to investigate the kinds of distributive justice principles used by children at different ages. Besides this main aim, it was pleaded too verify the influence of sex and age, in choose of the kind of justice principle that justify the reason used by the child during the distribution. Were participants of this study 120 children, at ages varying over 5 and 10 years, both sexes. Theirs conceptions about distributive justice were evaluated with a dilemma constituted by four histories, in which two characters (CV and CA) had to decide give or not give more toy blocks to a character that arrived late at school (CR or CL). The four histories used were: (A) CR asked politely more blocks; (B) CL was youngest than the others characters; (C) CR screamed to the others and disturbed their play; finally, in the history (D) it was asked the children shared all the toys among CV, CA and CR that were arrived in the school at the same moment. The analyze shows, in a over view, that the piagetian theorist model was corroborated, because tendencies to absolute equality were identifies, over all among children at age of 5 and 6 years, while the utilization of equity judgments become bigger every time that it was advanced in the age. Despite the comparison among the age groups doesnât carry to statistics confirmations, the inner analyzes of each group indicate the existence of an evolutive tendency. It was observed too that the contextual information influenced the judgments of the older children, in a manner that they considered, more than the youngest children, the behavior of the later character like a relevant factor at time to do the divide of the toys. Other results point to confirmation that the childish judgments about distributive justice can be much more complex than Kohlberg suggested, like Damon pointed it. In this sense, it was observed the judgments that consider the importance of cooperation and mutual respect â which, according to Kohlberg, would be waited only at advanced ages â could be identified even in children 5 and 6 years old. It didnât identify significant influence of the sex in choose of distributive principles. To finish, it judges that although it were identified tendencies of evolution in the reasons about distributive justice, the results of this study are insufficient to it can talk about characteristics stages of development.

ASSUNTO(S)

psicologia cognitiva â cogniÃÃes sociais crianÃas â desenvolvimento da moralidade â conceito de justiÃa equality psicologia cognitiva justiÃa distributiva â utilizaÃÃo de princÃpios distributive justice equity development

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