The care of the nursing team in surgical positioning patient during the intraoperative period / A assistência da equipe de enfermagem no posicionamento cirúrgico do paciente durante o período intra-operatório
AUTOR(ES)
Cleidileno Teixeira Silveira
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2008
RESUMO
Surgical positioning is the movement of the human body on the surgical table in such a way as to provide the best angle of vision to the surgeon, while at the same time guaranteeing the comfort and security of the patient with respect to his anatomical and physiological limits. The relevance of this study is based on the fact that there are few nursing professionals, nationally, who have studied this theme in depth. The nurse should make use of the Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem Perioperatória [Systemization of Perioperative Nursing Assistance] for guidelines, resources, and human resource qualifications. The goal of this study was to characterize the positioning task of the nursing team, including its requirements and difficulties. It is an exploratory, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The data were collected at the 8th Brazilian Congress of Surgical Center Nursing, Anesthetic Recovery and Hospital Sterilization Units organized by SOBECC in July of 2007. 235 nursing professionals participated in the study in three categories: 200 Registered Nurses (as coordinators, practicing nurses, and university professors), 28 Licensed Practical Nurses [LPNs] and seven Certified Nursing Assistants [CNAs] (including operating room assistants and surgical instrument handlers). Significance was set at (p 0.05) for non-parametric statistical tests. Professionals who executed the positioning had a median age of 39 (p= 0.021) with a median surgical center experience of 10 years (p= 0.004). Professionals who did not execute the positioning had a median age of 33 and median work experience in the sector of five years. Protocols and training about patient positioning were in force in 34.3% and 32.4% of the represented institutions according to the respondents. The nurse executed the positioning in 24.8% of the surgeries. However, when the RN participated, there was a significant reduction in participation by the LPNs and CNAs (p = 0.047). Registry of the patients surgical position was made in 69.4% of the cases and registry of protection resources in 45.9% in the intra-operational reports. Significant data (p =0.007) point to the fact that the professionals who most frequently position the patient have the most experience and skill for that task. The most common difficulties confronting the nursing team with respect to positioning are: lack of material resources (39.5%), poor cooperation among the interdisciplinary team (27.5%), physical effort (15.6%), lack of human resources (10.9%), unpreparedness (10.4%), lack of training (9.8%), lack of technical/scientific information (7.8%). The lack of cooperation between the nursing and surgical teams significantly reduced (p = 0.013) participation by the nurses in the execution of positioning. Adequate materials and equipment, protocols, strategies for multidisciplinary cooperation and training are resources that the nursing professionals would most like to have in order to better serve patients. The information collected in this study could be foundational to proposals, such as a future protocol, which could direct nurses regarding positioning and thereby lead to greater security and quality of patient care as well as greater preparedness of current and future nursing professionals
ASSUNTO(S)
nursing care assistência de enfermagem período intra-operatório surgical positioning intraoperative period nursing team equipe de enfermagem posição cirúrgica
