Synergistic effect of iontophoresis and chemical enhancers on transdermal permeation of tolterodine tartrate for the treatment of overactive bladder

AUTOR(ES)

Prasanthi, D., Lakshmi, P. K.

FONTE

Int. braz j urol.

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2013-01

RESUMO

PurposeThe objective of the study was to evaluate the synergistic transdermal permeation effect of chemical enhancers and iontophoresis technique on tolterodine tartrate (TT) transdermal gel and to evaluate its pharmacokinetic properties.Materials and MethodsTaguchi robust design was used for optimization of formulations. Skin permeation rates were evaluated using the Keshary-chein type diffusion cells in order to optimize the gel formulation. In-vivo studies of the optimized formulation were performed in a rabbit model and histopathology studies of optimized formulation were performed on rats.ResultsTransdermal gels were formulated successfully using Taguchi robust design method. The type of penetration enhancer, concentration of penetration enhancer, current density and pulse on/off ratio were chosen as independent variables. Type of penetration enhancer was found to be the significant factor for all the responses. Permeation parameters were evaluated when maximum cumulative amount permeated in 24 hours (Q24) was 145.71 ± 2.00µg/cm2 by CIT4 formulation over control (91.89 ± 2.30µg/cm2). Permeation was enhanced by 1.75 fold by CIT4 formulation. Formulation CIT4 containing nerolidol (5%) and iontophoretic variables applied (0.5mA/cm2 and pulse on/off ratio 3:1) was optimized. In vivo studies with optimized formulation CIT4 showed increase in AUC and T1/2 when compared to oral suspension in rabbits. The histological studies showed changes in dermis indicating the effect of penetration enhancers and as iontophoresis was continued only for two cycles in periodic fashion so it did not cause any skin damage observed in the slides.ConclusionResults indicated that iontophoresis in combination with chemical enhancers is an effective method for transdermal administration of TT in the treatment of overactive bladder.

Documentos Relacionados

• The effect of extended release tolterodine used for overactive bladder treatment on female sexual function
• Transdermal drug delivery treatment for overactive bladder
• Physical and chemical permeation enhancers in transdermal delivery of terbutaline sulphate
• Oxybutynin is preferred to tolterodine for overactive bladder
• Design principles of chemical penetration enhancers for transdermal drug delivery