Sustentabilidade financeira e custos de transação em uma organização de microcrédito no Brasil. / Financial self- sufficiency and transaction costs in a microcredit institution in Brazil.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Despite of the existence of high technologies of financial tools in the world, there is still a frontier which make the low income population incapable to access those tools and its innovations. The importance of those tools in this dissertation is connected to the supply of credit that enable small borrowers to buy inputs and capital to their small business. One of the major problems that stuck the frontier, and do not aloud it moving on, is the high transaction costs on credit supply for low-income population. It happens because the low- income population doesn’t have enough guaranties and credit organizations need scale economics to distribute fixed costs on a wild volume of credit. There have been well successful technologies to improve the access to credit for lowincome population in the world at the last three decades. In Bangladesh an Economics professor linked these technologies and developed a successful program which creates an impact that was called at international literature “Microcredit Revolution”. It’s not clear, although, if these technologies are well developed and succeed in Brazil. However, the microcredit institutions continuous supplying credit because their social importance but they are still financial–self insufficiency. In such situation, at the long run, there won’t be any funds for them.. To compensate the difficulties of these institutions, the government policies for microcredit where directed to benefit the clients and the relevance of institutional self-sufficiency were taken as a secondary priority. This dissertation made an evaluation on financial performance for a microcredit organization in Brazil and also analyze how the Transaction Costs and the government policies had affected the financial self-sufficiency at the short-run in Banco do Povo – Crédito Solidário. It has concluded that Banco do Povo were not able to be financial self-sufficient and it needs a amount of subsidies yet. It is clear that part of revenue that comes from financial assets, which is a safety way to generate revenue, but forbids the institution to reach its goals. Considering that interest rates were kept high during the last years in Brazil, the strategy of guaranteeing revenue through investing part of the Banco do Povo capital on government bounds might not be sustainable at the long run. If Banco do Povo keeps interests rates in its current level, or be obligate to ceil its interest rate at a low level as the government suggestion to establish it on 2% per mount, then the return on loan portfolio won’t be enough to make the institution self-sufficient. The Transaction Costs have influence on Financial Self-Sufficiency in two ways: first the costs are bigger than the revenue and second, the largest part of the Transaction Cost are spend in human resources. The loan-officers productivity is very low when compared with the average productivity of other similar organizations in the world. It is possible that the reason for it happens to be Banco do Povo- Crédito Solidário short term of existence. Analyzing these aspects it is possible to find some suggestions to make, the first one is to improve the loan portfolio, transferring funds from financial assets to it (expanding the financial frontier). At the same time, it is necessary to diminish the costs and increase the productivity of the loan-officers.

ASSUNTO(S)

indicador econômico microeconomia crédito regional development desenvolvimento regional transaction cost economy (solidarity) economia (solidariedade) microeconomics economy pointer credit custo de transação

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