Supercritical Fluid extraction of carotenoids from a freeze-dryed powder of Eugenia uniflora. / Extração de carotenoides de pitanga liofilizada com dioxido de carbono supercritico.

AUTOR(ES)

Genival Lopes Filho

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) is a fruit native from Brazil and widely distributed in South America. Nowadays, it is used for obtaining pulps and juices, in spite of this, there are few studies analyzing its antioxidant activity and pharmacological properties. On the other hand, the carotenoids, are widely known for their coloring power, nutritional role, antioxidant activity and protection against some diseases. In the present work, extracts of freeze-dried powder of fruits of pitanga were obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The operational conditions were as follows: pressures of 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 bar and temperatures of 40 and 60°C. The assays were conducted in duplicate. The extracts were saponified with 10% methanolic KOH and the carotenoid analysis was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detector. The larger global yield was achieved at 60°C and 350 bar (1,03%). All extracts showed a complex carotenoid composition with b-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and rubixanthin as the major carotenoids. The condition of higher carotenoid content in the extract was 60°C and 250 bar, reaching 5474 ìg/g, being lycopene, rubixanthin and cislycopene the major carotenoids, representing, respectively, 49, 22, and 17% of the total amount. However, the best operational condition for rubixantin extraction was at 40°C and 300 bar (1485 ìg/g). The variation of pressure and temperature showed that supercritical carbon dioxide is selective for carotenoids extraction, as was confirmed at 60°C and pressures among 200 and 300 bar. In this condition any b-cryptoxanthin in the supercritical extracts was detected. For pressures above 250 bar, there was no influence of pressure and temperature on the concentration of a and b-carotene in pitanga extracts.

ASSUNTO(S)

eugenia uniflora pitanga carotenoids pitanga extração supercritica carotenoides eugenia uniflora supercritical extraction

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