Substituição do milho por polpa cítrica peletizada ou casca de soja na alimentação de borregas / Replacement of corn by dried citrus pulp or soybean hulls in diets fed to ewe lambs

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Two experiments were performed to determine the effects of replacing corn by dried citrus pulp (DCP) or soybean hulls (SH) in lamb diets on performance, ingestive behavior, apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen balance and ruminal parameters. Experimental treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 + 1 factorial, with two ingredients, DCP and SH included in the diets at two levels (50 and 100%) replacing corn plus a positive control (59.4% of corn, DM basis). In Trial 1 (apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen balance and ruminal parameters), five ram lambs (BW 48 ± 4.8 kg and 6 months old) were placed in suspended metabolism crates. A 5 x 5 Latin square design was used. The DM, OM, CP (kg/day and g/kg of BW0.75) intakes were not affected by treatments. However, NDF intake (kg/day and g/kg BW0.75) increased when corn was replaced by both co-products. Apparent digestibilities of DM, OM and CP decreased with the replacement of corn by both co-products. Digestibilities of DM and OM were also lower in diets containing SH compared to the diets with DCP. However, apparent digestibility of NDF increased when corn was replaced by both co-products. Comparing the co-products, there was higher digestibility of NDF for diets containing SH. Acetate and propionate concentrations, acetate-to-propionate ratio, total SCFA, ruminal ammonia and nitrogen retention were not affected by treatments. However, butyrate concentration was higher in diets containing DCP than those containing corn or SH. Replacing corn by both co-products improved ruminal pH. In Trial 2 (performance and ingestive behavior), sixty ewe lambs (BW 26 ± 0.03 kg and 101 ± 2 days old) were penned (2/pen) and used in a complete randomized block design. Ewe lambs were fed the same diets as in Trial 1. The DMI (kg/d) was affected by treatments, and there was an interaction effect between treatments and experimental periods. In the second and third periods, animals fed DCP and SH had higher DMI (kg/d, % BW and g/kg BW0.75). Average daily gain was not affected by treatments and FE was lower with the use of coproducts. During the ingestive behavior trial, DMI (kg/d) was not affected by treatments. Rumination (min/d) and chewing (min/g of DM) times were higher for animals fed diets containing 100% of DCP compared to those fed diets containing 50% of DCP. In general, animals fed diets containing co-products had higher NDF ingestion which caused reduction in rumination time (min/g of NDF). Animals fed diets containing SH had less rumination time (min/g of NDF) when compared to DCP diets. In all periods animals fed SH had lower chewing time (min/g of NDF) compared to animals of another treatments. Both co-products, DCP and SH can replace corn in high concentrate diets for lambs without compromising weight gain. The DCP and SH had 91% and 82%, respectively, of corn feed efficiency. The SH showed 90% of FE of DCP.

ASSUNTO(S)

rumen animal feedlot digestibilidade rúmen by-products for animals. alimentação animal nutrição animal subprodutos para animais. confinamento animal animal feed digestibility animal nutrition sheeps ovinos

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