Study of the nutritionals effects of the pulp flour and muciagens extracted from okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.). / Estudo dos efeitos nutricionais da farinha de polpa e mucilagem extraida do quiabo (Hibiscus esculentus L.).

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Dietary fiber is understood as any polymer normally occurring in foods, generally of carbohydrate nature, that is not digested and absorbed in the upper digestive tract and that is responsible for various physiological and biochemical effects in the lower gastrointestinal tract and the rest of the body, including alteration of the distribution of the bowel microbiota, improvement of physiological fluid dynamics, the production of some micronutrients, and which can be considered as essential components the human diet. This work consists of two sections. The first section consisted of an in vitro study of the bifidogenic effects of the mucilage extracted from okra (Hibiscus esculentus, L.). The second section was an in vivo study with Wistar rats just weaned, as initial group (IG), compared with fed with standard (AIN-93G) diets, formulated utilizing as source of dietary fiber: cellulose control (group CC), inulin control (IC) and okra experimental (OE), estimating such parameters as feed uptake, fecal output, transit time, GI tissue mass, and the stomach, cecal, fecal and small intestine contents. Additionally the impact of the fiber on the concentration of bile acids, gut morphology, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and lactate production in cecum and colon and the fiber effect on the metabolism in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were also studied. The results of the in vitro assay showed that mucilage concentration by 1% mucilage resulted in a substantial rise in cell counts, 17.57% Lactobacillus acidophilus and 70% Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12, when compared to the MRS and MRSm medium, respectively. Microbiological analyses of the assay showed that the lactobacillus in the experimental OE group on the 28th day was over 0.680 log cfu/g of feces larger when compared to the IG. On the 14th day, the levels of bifidobacteria in the group OE were higher by 0.382 log ufc/g of feces than in the IC group. The results suggested there was a selective stimulation of the lactobacillus and bifidobacteria populations in the OE group. Meanwhile, the OE diet elicited higher levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and lactate in cecum and colon as opposed to the IC and CC groups, showing that the okra fiber stimulates intestinal organic acid production. The intestinal morphology showed independent of the type of fiber. The amounts of secondary bile acids (lithocholic and deoxicholic) were excreted more by OE group. This results associated the lesser transit time, results time lesser this toxigenic metabolic at lumen. With regard to the induction of diabetes by streptozotocin, diabetic rats feeding with okra (OED) the serum insulin was biggest when compared than diabetic rats feeding inulin (ICD) and cellulose (CCD). These results confirm that in the diabetics rats of OED the insulin production was bigger, maybe the fiber of okra had protector effects in these animals. The epididymal fats and kidney was smaller than CCD and ICD, although the OED showed the lowest body weight loss. These results showed that the okra mucilage was beneficial to the rat when introduced in the diet, suggesting that this fiber may exhibit similar effects in human beings.

ASSUNTO(S)

acidos biliares quiabo dietary fiber diabetes fibra alimentar short chain fatty acids bile acids acidos graxos de cadeia curta okra diabets

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