Study of the emission of the fleet of vehicles diesel and cycle Otto, without the catalytic converters in the cities of Sorocaba and Votorantim / Estudo da emissão da frota de veículos diesel e ciclo Otto, sem conversores catalíticos, nos municípios de Sorocaba e Votorantim

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

This study evaluates by means of a IEV - inventory of vehicle emission to propagate, the contribution of motor vehicles in air pollution in the cities of Sorocaba and Votorantim, of the emphasis to the characteristics of the fleet and the geographic position of these cities, to the impacts of these characteristics, the quantification and qualification of the emission of pollutants, through experiments with the use of diesel metropolitano - B2 and biodiesel - B100, as combustible in vehicles equipped with engines of ignition for compression (motor diesel), in total or partial substitution to existing diesel in national market, and gasoline standard of Petrobras and AEHC - combustible hidrated ethyl alcohol and its mixtures in equipped vehicles flex with engines of ignition for flash (cycle Otto motor), without the catalytic converters; searching to identify the conditions next to the reality of the maintenance of the fleet. For this work, it is considered that the interest pollutants are the carbono monoxide (CO), hidrocarbons (HC), the nitrogen oxides (NO IND.X), carbono dioxide (CO IND.2), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), aldehydes, formaldehydes and acetaldehydes. The analysis of the data gotten in the experiments, without the use of catalytic converter, using gasoline standard and AEHC - hydrated ethilic alcohol, with regard to the L-4 limits of the Proconve, demonstrated that the factors of emission (FE) gotten, with gasoline standard, had resulted in increase around 184% for CO, 167% for HC, 680% for NO IND.X, 468% for NMHCand 23% for aldehydes, already for the FE gotten with AEHC, had resulted in increase around 150% for CO, 138% for HC, 330% for NO IND.X, 434% for NMHCand 405% for aldehydes. The simulation of the emissions of the real fleet of models cycle Otto and diesel in study without the use of catalytic converters, that is, for 317.539 vehicles, being 75.924 moved to the AEHC, 157.694 moved by gasoline, 16.042 moved by the metropolitan biodiesel B2, 64.730 type motorcycles moved by the gasoline, abstaining itself 3.779 diverse vehicles between tows and semitrailers, was evidenced that, the total emissions would be of 21.628,525 tons per year (tpy) of CO, 3.011,947 tpy of HC, 5.231,934 tpy of NO IND.X, 540.500,022 tpy of CO IND.2, 2.660,792 tpy of NMHC, 89,253 tpy of formaldehyde, 138,565 tpy for acetaldehyde and 227,818 tpy for aldehyde. The simulation of the emissions of the real fleet of models cycle Otto and diesel in study without the use of catalytic converters, that is, for 317.539 vehicles, being 75.294 moved by the AEHC, 157.694 moved by gasoline, 16.042 moved by the biodiesel B100 from syo bean oil, 64.730 type motorcycles moved by the gasoline, abstaining itself 3.779 diverse vehicles between tows and semitrailers, was evidenced that, the total emissions would be of 21.628,425 tpy of CO, 3.011,947 tpy of HC, 5.302,977 tpy of NO IND.X, 540.875,538 tpy of CO IND.2, 2.660,792 tpy of NMHC, 91,039 tpy of formaldehyde, 138,828 tpy for acetaldeíhyde and 229,868 tpy for aldehydes. The results obtained during the experiments show that inadequate maintenance, makes ineffective any environmental gains achieved, with a view to increasing expansion of the existing fleet, based on misguided public policies, which continue to encourage the purchase of cars at the expense of public transport system, which remains inefficient, and expensive for the economic standards of the population.

ASSUNTO(S)

air pollution catalytic converter emissões veiculares vehicle emission conversor catalítico poluição atmosférica

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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