Study of the community of bats of a cárstic area of Alto Ribeira -SP. A comparison with 1980 / Estudo da comunidade de morcegos na área cárstica do Alto Ribeira-São Paulo. Uma comparação com 1980

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The survey on Brazilian cave bats was initiated by TRAJANO (1981) that between 1978 and 1980, studied the community that uses caves in a carstic area of Alto Ribeira, south of the State of São Paulo. Another studies had been followed in the north of São Paulo, Distrito Federal and Bahia, and recent works are being carried through in new areas, filling an important gap in the country. The present study it had as objective to carry through a new survey of quiropterofauna of the Alto Ribeira, being complemented the previous survey and verifying possible changes due the antropics disturbances in the area. For such, was sampled 13 points in epígeas areas and 12 caves, of which 10 had been studied monthly. The field work consisted of monthly trips throughout one year, with duration of about 10 days each, with beginning in February of 2006 and ending in January of 2007. All the procedures had followed, in the measure of the possible one, the methods adopted for TRAJANO (1981), being the nets placed in the same sampled places have two decades more than. In the set of the twelve caves 29 species had been gotten, some of them representing the first registers in cave in Brazil, as Lasiurus ega and Chiroderma doriae. In the epigeas localities, they had been registered 24 species with some exclusive of this environment, as Artibeus glaucus, Eptesicus furinalis, Eptesicus taddeii, Histiotus velatus, Vampiressa pusilla and Phylloderma stenops. Of the 1.493 captured bats, 1.091 had been banded with metal and plastic bands in forearm, of which 330 had been recaptured at least one time, having recapture multiple, totalizing 519 recapture. One recapture of a specimen of Artibeus lituratus called the attention for representing the biggest registered movement already in the country with 113 km of distance in 443 days. The species with larger number of capture had been L. aurita (N = 508), followed of D. rotundus (N = 223) and Carollia perspicillata (N = 217), and those with larger number of recaptured had been L. aurita (N = 189), Desmodus rotundus (N = 166) and Diphylla ecaudata (N = 98); for these last ones km2 was estimated the size of the populations in an area of 113: L. aurita, 1,639 individuals, D. rotundus, 548 individuals and D. ecaudata, 206 individuals. In the comparison with the study of TRAJANO (1981), for the same collection effort, they had been considered, in the present study, 483 individuals of 21 species (Emballonuridae, Natalidae and Phyllostomidae), being Lonchorhina aurita (N = 155) the species most frequent, followed of Desmodus rotundus (N = 89) and Diphylla ecaudata (N = 71). With these data, differences in the number of captures, relative abundance of the species and position in ranking of abundance between the two studies had been verified, however not in the richness of cave bats. Therefore, the increasing tourism in the region can be causing negative effect on some species probably more sensible, as the insectivorous Furipterus horrens, Micronycteris megalotis and Myotis nigricans, however still it does not come causing significant alterations in the richness and total abundance of the cave bats in the Alto Ribeira.

ASSUNTO(S)

chiroptera chiroptera caves petar atlantic rain forest cavernas mata atlântica petar

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