Sistemas de informação em saude nas intoxicações por agrotoxicos e afins no Brasil : situação atual e perspectivas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2002

RESUMO

Poisonings due to pesticides and the likes present a serious problem to public health in Brazil. This however is still not adequately documented and consequently not duly addressed because of a series of obstacles of distinct natures. Despite of the some progress observed at the end of the last decade, the strategies for the prevention and control of these irritants are still incipient. Objective: To describe the existent principal health information systems for the register of pesticide poisonings and the like, and to register the epidemiological profile of these irritants identifying directions with respect to the strengthening of epidemiologic monitoring. Methodology: A descriptive study on the situation of the main systems of information for the register of pesticide poisonings and the like was done : 1) Sistema Nacional de Informações Tóxico-Farmacológicas da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - SINITOX, evaluating the cases registered in the period of 1995 to 2000; and 2) Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação- SINAN of the National Health Foundation, evaluating registered cases from 1996 to 2000. Results: In the period between 1995 and 2000, the SINITOX registered a total of 94.983 cases of intoxication by pesticides of agricultural use and the like, corresponding to 22.81 % of the total of poisonings registered in the period. Of this total, 30,278 (31,88%) poisonings had been caused by pesticides by agricultural use, 35,144 (37%) by household cleaning chemicals, 15,570 (16,39%) by pesticides for household use and 13,991 (14,73%) by rat poisons. As for the deaths, the total was of 1268 caused by pesticides for agricultural use, and others, corresponding to 51.73% of the total for all the causes in the period in study. The agricultural pesticedes used is distinguished as the most incriminating agent, with 904 deaths which corresponds to 36.88% of the total of deaths for all the causes registered by the SINITOX in that period. Of the total of poisonings due to pesticides of agricultural use and the like, 54.5% cases had occurred among individuals of masculine sex. The causes determined for the poisonings by pesticides of agricultural use and the like had been, primarily, accidents, followed by suicides and professional causes.ln the SINAN, a total of 5654 suspected cases had been registered between the period of 1996 to 2000 with 2931 confirmed cases (51,43%). The number of deaths was of 227, corresponding to a lethality of 7,73% in the period. The poisonings were concentrated on individuals of the masculine sex between 15 and 49 years, as confirmed by the clinical-epidemiology criteria in 60% of the cases; 61,74% of the poisonings had received hospital attendance; 29.46% ambulatory attendance; 7.03% domiciliary attendance and 1.77% of the cases had not received any attendance. The professional accidents had represented 53.5% of the poisoning circumstances, followed for the attempts of suicide (28,2%) and accidental poisonings with 12,9%. Amongst the 128 involved active principles in the poisonings, glifosate, paraquat and the metamidophos, had been the most incriminating toxic agents, responsible for 26,2% of the total. Conclusions: There is a necessity to include this serious public health problem as priority in the agenda of the managing agencies that compose the Health System, for the implementation of actions that result in an effective protection and prevention to the health of the population

ASSUNTO(S)

agricultura epidemiologia intoxicação pesticidas - toxicologia sistemas de recuperação da informação

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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