Root growth and carbohydrate partitioning in cotton subjected to shading in the initial phase
AUTOR(ES)
Echer, Fábio Rafael
FONTE
Cienc. Rural
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
17/01/2019
RESUMO
RESUMO: O cultivo do algodoeiro no Brasil está concentrado no período chuvoso, e no momento do estabelecimento da lavoura frequentemente há períodos prolongados de baixa radiação solar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento radicular de cultivares de algodoeiro submetidos ao sombreamento na fase inicial da cultura. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente controlado, em rizotrons. O delineamento experimental foi um fatorial 2x2 em blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram as cultivares de algodão TMG 11WS (precoce) e TMG 81WS (tardia) e as condições de sombra: sem sombra e com sombra (50% de redução da luminosidade). Não houve interação entre os fatores “sombra” e “cultivares estudadas” para nenhum parâmetro avaliado. A sombra reduziu o crescimento radicular total e das raízes laterais a partir dos 21 dias de emergência (DAE) e da raiz principal aos 24DAE. O sombreamento reduziu o comprimento (60%), a superfície (65%), o diâmetro médio (15%), o comprimento por volume (60%), o volume radicular (69%), a massa de matéria de seca da raiz (83%) e da parte aérea (64%), o teor (36%) e o acúmulo de carboidratos na parte aérea (73%). Em conclusão, o sombreamento na fase inicial de desenvolvimento do algodoeiro reduz a produção de carboidratos da parte aérea, afetando o acúmulo de matéria seca e o crescimento radicular, sendo que essa resposta independe da cultivar.ABSTRACT: Cotton cultivation in Brazil tends to occur mostly in the rainy season, and at the time of developing the crop there are often prolonged periods of low solar radiation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the root development of cotton cultivars subjected to shading in the initial phase. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using rhizotrons. The experimental design was a 2x2 factorial in randomized blocks with five replications. The treatments were composed of cotton cultivars TMG 1WS (early) and TMG 8WS (late) and luminosity conditions: non-shaded and shaded (50% reduction of luminosity). There were no interactions between the factors “shading” and “cultivars” for any parameter evaluated. Shading reduced total and lateral root growth from the 21 days after emergence (DAE) and the main root at 24DAE. Shading caused reductions in length (60%), surface (65%), mean diameter (15%), root volume (69%), root dry matter mass (83%) and shoot (64%), as well as decreasing the content (36%) and the accumulation of carbohydrates in the shoot (73%). Shading at early cotton development reduces the shoot carbohydrates production, affecting dry matter accumulation and root growth, and this response is independent of the cultivar.
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