Risk indicators associated to the prevalence of dental erosion in preschool children in Diadema, São Paulo / Indicadores de risco associados à prevalência de erosão dentária em pré-escolares no Município de Diadema, São Paulo

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence, distribution and severity of erosive lesions in a sample of 36 to 59-month-old children in the city of Diadema, São Paulo. Moreover, the association between dental erosion prevalence and socioeconomic, environmental, nutritional, behavioral, and child characteristics variables was investigated. Trained and calibrated dentists (interexaminer Kappa = 0.77 for dental erosion and interexaminer Kappa = 0.83 for dental caries) examined 967 children in the Basic Health Units (BHU) of the city of Diadema during the first stage of the National Childrens Vaccination Day in 2008. Dental erosion, dental caries and nutritional status were assessed through the use of a modified version of the OBrien (1994) index, Knutson (1944) index, and the WHO Child Growth Standards (2006), respectively. Variables associated to the prevalence of dental erosion were investigated using a questionnaire that was specifically developed for the present research, based on the literature. Statistical analysis was conducted through univariate and multivariate regressions based on a hierarchical model (p<0.05). Dental erosion prevalence was of 51.6% and most of the erosive lesions observed were confined to the enamel (82,5%). Erosive lesions were more prevalent in the upper incisors than in lower molars and a symmetrical pattern of distribution was noted. The final hierarchical logistic model revealed a significant association between dental erosion prevalence and the consumption of soft drinks twice (OR = 0.78; CI 95%: 0.43-1.40; p= 0.043) or three or more (OR=1.74; CI 95%; 1.02-2.99; p=0.023) times a day, juice intake on the last two days before the study (OR=1.55; CI 95%; 1.11-2.16; p=0.009), the presence of frequent reported gastroesophageal reflux (OR=2.06; CI 95%; 1.24-3.41; p=0.005) and increasing age (OR=1.48; CI 95%; 1.15-1.92; p=0.003). No statistically significant associations were found between dental erosion prevalence and socioeconomic, environmental or nutritional variables. In conclusion, a high prevalence of dental erosion was found in this population of preschool children, which was associated with frequent consumption of acidic beverages, frequent episodes of reported gastroesophageal reflux, and an increase in age.

ASSUNTO(S)

epidemiology erosão dentária prevalência tooth erosion prevalence epidemiologia

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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