Revisão de Pleonotoma Miers (Gignonieae, Bignoniaceae)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Pleonotoma Miers (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) is a monophyletic genus of neotropical distribution ranging from Guatemala to Brazil and Bolivia, including Trinidad and Tobago, with its center of diversity in northern Brazil. It is distributed in tropical rain forests in Central and South America, transitional forests between rain forests and the hyperseasonal Pantanal, dry forests of central and southeastern Brazil, and in the arid caatingas and cerrado-caatinga transition in the Brazilian Northeast. The collections from 40 Brazilian and international herbaria were examined. The genus is characterized vegetatively by its scandent habit, quadrangular branches lacking glandular fields, prophylls of the axillary buds sometimes leafy, and leaves that are biternate, tri-ternate or pinnately compounded, with terminal leaflets usually substituted by trifid tendrils. The inflorescences are racemes, or, very rarely, the flowers are solitary. Flowers have cupuliform to tubular calices, white to pale yellow, infundibuliform to hipocrateriform corolas, included to exserted stamens which are didynamous to homodynamos, divergent to divaricate anthers, ovary with a nectariferous disk and ovules that are 2-8-seriate per locule. The fruits are lineares, sometimes oblong, and the seeds are bialate. The taxonomic treatment includes identification keys to the species, nomenclatural revision, synonymy, morphological descriptions, distribution maps, popular names and use, and notes for all the species and illustrations for five species. 12 species are recognized in the genus, of which two are new to science and occur in Amazonian Brazil, states of Amazonas and Pará: Pleonotoma bracteata A.H. Gentry, P. castelnaei (Bureau) Sandwith, P. clematis (Kunth) Miers, P. echitidea Sandwith, P. jasminifolia (Kunth) Miers, P. melioides (S. Moore) A.H. Gentry, P. orientalis Sandwith, P. pavettiflora Sandwith, P. tetraquetra (Cham.) Bureau, P. variabilis (Jacq.) Miers, Pleonotoma sp. nov. 1 and Pleonotoma sp. nov. 2. Two new varieties are also proposed: P. orientalis Sandwith var. ratteriana Proença &Farias, and P. tetraquetra (Cham.) Bureau var. nov. A change in taxonomic status is also proposed for Pleonotoma exserta A.H. Gentry, from species to variety of P. echitidea Sandwith, and that P. dendrotricha Sandwith be sinonimized to P. variabilis (Jacq.) Miers.

ASSUNTO(S)

morfologia flora neotropical lianas botanica taxonomia

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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