Retinopatia da prematuridade : incidencia, detecção e fatores relacionados : Hospital de Clinicas - UNICAMP

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the main causes of visual impairment in children. ROP is a vascular proliferative disease that develops from a immature retinal vascularization and earlier diagnosis and treatment of threshold stages (stage 3) reduces the risk of visual loss. ROP has 5 stages of development that develop in the first 6 months of life. Until the second stage of illness, 80% of patients have spontaneous regression. The same not occur in higher stages. Prematurity, low weight at birth, and oxygen supplement are risk factors current established for the development of ROP. The etiology of ROP remains obscure, although several studies suggests been multifactorial. This study, pointed that the incidence of ROP in any stage is 28,19%, that 66,67% of ROP occurred in children born with 1000g or less and the majority of the earlier stages of ROP with spontaneous regression of ROP. 7,12% of incidence to the stage 3 threshold was submitted from cryotherapy , that lead to 100% of resolution of disease. The ophthalmologic examination started between 4 and 6 weeks of chronologic age or 31 and 33 weeks of post conception age. The vascular maturation of retina in average occurred with 22 weeks of chronologic age, period in which the accompaniment revealed recommendable. The changing of different stages of ROP to vascular maturation began in the same time, but completing more lately in the higher stages. The birth weight revealed as the risk factor more important for ROP. The oxygen supplement reveals as a protective factor until 10 days of use, up than 30 days the ROP develops earlier than other groups. The APGAR index of 5 minutes shows lower in that children who develops ROP and need treatment. In the presence of intraventicular hemorrhage the ROP occurred with more frequency and earlier. It was observed higher myopia and strabismus in the first year of children who develop ROP and was treated with cryotherapy

ASSUNTO(S)

visão cegueira incidencia retinopatia da prematuridade retina - doenças

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