Relações entre a abstração reflexiva eo conhecimento aritmetrico de adição e subtração em crianças do ensino fundamental

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1997

RESUMO

The aim of this work is verify haw different can be the achievement and the comprehension of first and second graders in primary Brazilian schools in face of addition and subtraction operations. The evaluation tests concerning to the achievement and comprehension are measured by the following situations: mental and writing computation of operations, resolution of problems of addition and subtraction, notions of operations and analysis of the procedures involved in the solution of the operations. ln this study, the achievement is analyzed considering in children can get the right answers to the problems, by the other hand the comprehension is analyzed by the capacity of children to explain the procedures involved in the operations solution. The test of reflexive abstraction organized and described by Jean Piaget (1977/1995a), is applied to verify the different levels of children reflexive abstraction. It is verified three different levels: IB, IIA, IIB. ln situations that involve only the conventional use of algorithms we do not identity differences between children, however in situations where the comprehension is necessary, dramatic differences in the children s behavior is detected. ln this study we are able to verify that the majority of children do not know how explain, using chips, the processes involved in the resolution of the operations: regrouping and two column subtraction. That comprehension is possible only to children that are in a higher abstraction level (N=2). All others (N=10) know how perform the correct answer to addition and subtraction operations, but they are not able to show, using chips, a comprehension of those contents. Based an the results of this work we can conclude that a goad achievement can not be related to a higher reflexive abstraction level, however the comprehension about the contents only appears when children get a higher abstraction level

ASSUNTO(S)

aritmetica ensino de primeiro grau

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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