Relação anatomica entre a morfologia cranio-facial, o espaço aereo faringeo, a posição do osso hioide e a postura cranio-cervical / Anatomical relation between the craniofacial morphology, pharyngeal airway space, the hyoid bone position and the craniocervical posture

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The aim of this research was to evaluate the relation between the craniofacial morphology, pharyngeal airway space, the hyoid bone position and the craniocervical posture. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained from 52 volunteers in natural head posture, among 18 and 28 years old, of both genders, randomly selected, that had not historical of orthodontic treatment, tooth absences (except the third molar ones), presence of growth or development anomalies of the craniofacial skeleton (except prognathism and retrognathism), use of any type of occlusal appliance and volunteers with amaurosis (visual loss) or serious phonoaudiological deficiencies. Linear and angular measurements referring to the craniofacial morphology, pharyngeal airway space, hyoid bone position and craniocervical posture had been taken. The collected data were grouped and the variables had been related by means of Pearson Linear Correlation (α=0.05). The hyoid bone anteroposterior position showed greater relation with the mandibular body length (r=0.50) and intermaxilary length (r=0.62) and area (r=0.57), both with p<0.01, besides it showed a weak relation with cervical column inclination (r=-0.28; p<0.05). The hyoid bone superoinferior position was strongly related (p<0.01) with the total anterior facial height (r=0.79) and facial lower third height (r=0.63). The hyoid bone inclination presented relation with the growth axis (r=0.39; p<0.01), however this variable presented strongest relation with the cranio-vertical (r=0.58; p<0.01) and cranio-cervical (r=0.57; p<0.01) postures. The hyoid bone to mandibular synphysis distance presented significant relation (p<0.01) with the cranio-cervical (r=0.52) and cervical (r=-0.44) posture. The craniovertical and cranio-cervical postures presented considerable relation (p<0.01) with prognathism, mandibular inclination and with the growth axis. It was not seen any relation between cranio-cervical posture and pharyngeal airway space. The oropharynx and lower pharyngeal diameter presented considerable relation (p<0.01) with the intermaxilary length (r=0.67) and area (r=0.42) and with the growth axis (r=-0.50). These spaces still presented significant relation with the hyoid bone anteroposterior position and with the hyoid bone to mandibular synphysis distance, being strongest to the lower pharyngeal space (r=0.59 and r=0.52, respectively; p<0.01). It could be observed that a great morphofunctional interaction exists between the head and neck structures. The knowlegd of these relations is important, when it is intend to do some intervention that is able of modify this balance or when the intention is correct an unbalance.

ASSUNTO(S)

cephalometry posture postura cefalometria facial bones pharynx faringe ossos faciais

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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