Reforma institucional na China: entendendo o processo de transiÃÃo para uma economia de mercado (1979-1993)

AUTOR(ES)

Eduarda Borba Lagioia Lippo

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The emergence of market transition economies contributes to new opportunities, modifying the main mechanisms for the formation of social structures, and allowing greater enterprise dynamic through states. From 1980 on, a new global era emerges, with new socialist economies choosing to implement mechanisms toward the opening of its markets. Among socialist nations that positively start admitting the process of a market transition economy, the Chinese experience stands out. On the other hand, an idea of a market economy is not compatible with Chinese political rules, which turns to be even more interesting a deeper investigation inside its transition process. The main concern is to find out how the institutional reform contributes to the market transition economy in a post-socialist state? Based on that, the Chinese transition to the market is analyzed. The Chinese path for the transition to a market economy is a two-stage process. The first stage lasts about fifteen years, between 1979 and 1993. During this time, the system is reformed so that the incentives are improved and the competition created. Besides, the central government is widely open to a new dynamic of small enterprises (agricultural collectivities and privatizations). The second stage happens from 1994 on. Thenceforth, China starts to fix new market rules and greater privatization, besides restructuring its state-owned enterprises. Nevertheless, the Chinese government still needs to face many challenges. This research focuses on the first stage of the transition process, between 1979 and 1993, since it is necessary to restrict the analysis. Herewith, highlighting the institutional change and market transition economies literatures, the institutional reform in China during the first stage are based on three main mechanisms: fiscal decentralization of the central government, transformation of agricultural collectivities and introduction of Special Economic Zones (SEZs)

ASSUNTO(S)

neo-institucionalismo reforma institucional new-institutionalism ciencia politica market transition economy chinese entrepreneurship institutional reform transiÃÃo para o mercado empreendedorismo chinÃs

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