Quantificação de parâmetros da pré-penetração e monocíclicos relacionados ao patossistema Phakopsora pachyrhizi - soja / Quantification of prepenetration and monocyclic parameters related to Phakopsora pachyrhizi - soybean pathosystem

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The knowledge of epidemiological aspects of Phakopsora pachyrhizi - soybean pathosystem can help in controlling this disease. For this four experiments were performed. (1) Urediniospores were evaluated regarding germination and appressorium formation in polystyrene plates, in the temperatures of 8, 12, 15, 20, 25 and 30ºC and wetness duration of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12h of incubation. The evaluations were carried out by counting ungerminated, germinated without appressorium and germinated with appressorium urediniospores. (2) Plants of BRS 154 soybean cultivar, in the V2 stage, were inoculated and kept in temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5 and 30°C and in leaf wetness duration of 0, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24h. In each treatment the latent period was determined. 14 days after inoculation, the frequency of infection, lesion size and severity were evaluated by digital images of the leaves. (3) Plants of the same cultivar and stage were inoculated and kept in the temperature of 23°C for a period of 24h of leaf wetness. After this period, the plants were transferred to temperatures of 23, 30, 35 and 40°C. The incubation and latent period were determined. After 14 days of inoculation the frequency of infection, lesion size and severity were quantified. (4) Plants of soybean genotypes BRS 154, BRS 258, PI 459025 (Bing Nan), PI 200487 (Kinoshita), PI 471096 (Orba) and PI 274453 (Shiranui) in the V2 stage, were inoculated and kept in growth chambers in temperatures of 15 and 25°C and 24h of initial leaf wetness duration. The incubation and latent period were determined. The evaluations of disease intensity were carried out at 13 and 20 days after inoculation for the plants kept at 25 and 15°C respectively. The data of germination and appressorium formation had a good fit to the Beta generalized model in relation to the temperature and the Monomolecular model in relation to the wetness duration. Infection occurred in wetness duration of 6 hours or more and in all of temperatures, except 30°C. The latent period was influenced by the temperature and the data were fitted to a second degree equation. The shortest latent period was nine days in the temperature of 22.5°C. The Beta generalized model fitted the behavior of severity and frequency of infection in relation to the temperature, and the wetness duration fitted the Monomolecular model. The lesion size was not influenced by the treatments. The temperature interfered the pathogen colonization and it developed only in the temperatures of 23 and 30°C. The temperature of 30°C did not influence frequency of infection, lesion size and severity, but it increased the incubation and latent periods. The genotypes with RB symptoms showed greater latent period and smaller number of uredia per lesion when compared with BRS 154.

ASSUNTO(S)

soja temperature soybean plant genetic resistance resistência genética vegetal temperatura epidemiologia epidemiology doenças de plantas plant pathology

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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