Qualidade do sono de idosos residentes em instituição de longa permanencia / Sleep quality of elderly long-term care facilities residents

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Long-term care facilities for the elderly offer minimum stimulation during the day and a little contrast between day and night. These factors may contribute to irregular patterns of sleep/wake cycle and poor sleep quality, which may be already impaired in aged people. This study aimed at evaluating sleep quality in elderly long-term care facilities residents in the city of Guaratingueta, Sao Paulo; identifying the prevalence of problems related to sleep; verifying the association between sleep quality and: satisfaction with the routines of the facility; age bracket; length of time of residence in the facility; dependence level in activities of daily life; morningness/eveningness characteristics. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of FATEA (Lorena, SP). Thirty-eight elderly (60 years-old or plus) who had lived for at least one year in the facility participated in the study. Inclusion criteria were: ability to answer coherently to all instruments of data collection; voluntary participation, evinced by the signature of a free consent form. Exclusion criteria were: visual insensibility to light; cognitive impairment evinced by the score obtained in the Mini- Mental State Examination. The following instruments were used for data collection: Identification Form (social, demographic and health data); Mini-Mental State Examination (cognitive function); Katz Index (functional capacity in activities of daily life), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index – PSQI (sleep quality), Long-term Care Facility Routine Map (report about schedules, satisfaction and preferences related to daily activities performed in the facility); Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire (preferences in allocation of sleep and activities). All instruments were filled in by the researcher. Statistics consisted of descriptive analysis and non-parametric tests to compare between variables and to assess the presence of correlation among them (significance level of 5%). Twenty-three women and 15 men (70.5 ± 8.1 years old) participated. Most of them reported less than eight years of school and one to five years of residence in the facility; 60.5% presented some dependence level in the activities of daily life. Results showed that 63.2% of the residents had a score indicative of poor sleep quality in the PSQI; meanwhile, 81.6% referred to a good or very good sleep quality; 89.5% took longer than 30 minutes to start sleep, 47.4% slept more than seven hours each night and 57.9% showed sleep efficiency above 85%. The most prevalent sleep problems were: waking up for urination (63.2%); waking frequently during the night or too early in the morning (50%); feeling too hot (23.7%); feeling pain (21%). Male residents and those aged between 70 and 79 years old had poorer evaluation of their sleep quality than, respectively, women and residents of the other age brackets; other characteristics as satisfaction with the facility routines, age brackets, length of time of residence in the facility, dependence level and morningness/eveningness characteristics did not achieve significant results. All residents declared to be satisfied with the activities scheduled at the facility and did not mention another different schedule of preference. This study provides important information about sleep quality of elderly long-term care facilities residents, highlighting the characteristics with data of Brazilian facilities. This research is part of the Research Line Caring Process in Nursing and Health.

ASSUNTO(S)

enfermagem idosos nursing sono elderly sleep

Documentos Relacionados