PurificaÃÃo, caracterizaÃÃo e determinaÃÃo de atividade coagulante da lectina de sementes de Moringa oleifera

AUTOR(ES)

Luciana de Andrade Luz

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Moringa oleifera is a tropical plant of great economic importance with several industrial and medicinal applications. Many parts of the plant are used and the seed extract is commonly employed for water purification to human consumption. Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins of nonimmune origin, which bind carbohydrates bioespecifically with agglutinant cell capacity of a reversible way; extraction and purification of biomolecules allow its application within biotechnology. The aim of this work was to investigate hemagglutinating activity (HA) in distinct M. oleifera tissue extracts, to purify and characterize a new seed lectin with coagulant properties (cMoL). HA was detected in 0.15 M NaCl extracts from flowers and rachis inflorescence (5%, w/v), seeds, leaves, fundamental tissue of stem and steam bark (10%, w/v). cMoL isolated after saline extraction and guar gel column chromatography was active at pH range 4.0â 9.0, thermostable at 100 ÂC during 7 h and agglutinated erythrocytes from rabbit and human blood types. Extracts of tissues and cMoL activities were carbohydrate inhibited; azocasein and asialofetuin abolished cMoL HA. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reduced conditions revealed a main polypeptide band of 26.5 kDa; native basic cMoL was purified as a unique band. The evaluation of coagulant property was performed through a kaolin suspension in water (10 g/L) and absorbance was measured at 500 nm using a spectrophotometer. Seed lectin preparations and cMoL showed coagulant activity similar to aluminium sulphate, the most common synthetic coagulant used in water treatment all over the world; after heating cMoL showed no significant differences in coagulation. In conclusion, lectins are present in different tissues of M. oleifera; preparation of seed lectins and cMoL can be applied in water treatment for human consumption.

ASSUNTO(S)

lectin coagulant activity lectina hemagglutinating activity moringa oleifera atividade coagulante biologia e fisiologia dos microorganismos atividade hemaglutinante moringa oleifera

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