Propagação do abacateiro com mergulhia do porta-enxerto / Propagation of the avocado tree by layering of rootstock
AUTOR(ES)
Vanessa Savian da Silva
FONTE
IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2009
RESUMO
The avocado tree (Persea sp) is traditionally propagated by grafting a cultivar onto a rootstock from a monoembrionic and zygotic seed. As the avocado tree has cross fertilization, highly heterozygous, this leads to great variability, making the perpetuation of desirable characteristics to rootstocks very difficult. As in other systems of fruit production, the use specific rootstocks, which may result in good productivity, have features that allow resistance or tolerance to diseases and adaptation to different soil conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of producing avocado rootstocks by layering and to test six grafting times and eight replanting times from. Two experiments in a completely randomized experimental design were conducted in a greenhouse at Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Grafting after 5 weeks of layering provided the largest increase in the number of leaves emitted by the graft. After 11 weeks of layering the grafting has highest rates of rooting and seedling survival. In the replanting times trials where the rootstock was propagated by layering, in all treatments in the days immediately after replanting an high leaf drop occurred. Nevertheless, approximately 30% of the seedlings transplanted 10, 4 or 15 weeks after layering formed roots. A high rate of survival (90%) at the end of the experiment was obtained from the rootstocks transplanted after 10 weeks of layering. Under ambient condictions, the low temperatures of autumn and winter months probably inhibited the growth of seedlings and also the rooting of young tree.
ASSUNTO(S)
abacate pratica cultural porta-enxerto
