Produtividade e qualidade do cafà de lavouras em conversÃo para o sistema de produÃÃo orgÃnico / Productivity and coffee quality from crops in conversion to organic production system.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

This research aimed to verify the productivity and coffee quality from Lavras crops in conversion to organic production system, as well as to compare this one with crops subjected to regular practices was established an experiment in Lavras city, MG. The experiment was set in a coffee crop previously cultivated under standard system, using âCatuaà Amareloâ IAC-86 cultivar with the spacing 4,0 x 0,6 m, with 6 years of age. For the organic treatments it was used the balanced lattice design 4 x 4 with 5 replicates in factorial scheme 3 x 2 x 2 besides 4 additional treatments. The factorial had 3 sources of organic matter (flour of castor bean, boiler litter and cattle excrement), with or without application of coffee straw and green fertilization. The four additional treatments were composed by: Treatment 1: cattle excrement + coffee straw + coal bran + double potassium and magnesium sulphate; Treatment 2: flour castor bean + coffee straw + rock bran; Treatment 3: application of coffee straw; Treatment 4: green fertilization with guandu bean (Cajanus cajan L.). In order to compare the treatments, there were placed the plots close each other with standard and organic treatments. During the first two years of conversion it was determined productivity, physico-chemical and chemical composition, physical and beverage coffee evaluation. There were not verified significative differences in relation to productivity in the first year of conversion from coffee crops submitted to organic production when compared with standard crop. Although in relation to productivity in the second year of conversion, it was verified significative differences between the two ways of production, being most of the productivity from organic crops lower than standard crops. The coffee samples were classified above the average, due the large number of defects verified in organic treatments as well as in standard treatments during two years of production; it was observed a high incidence of coffee leaf miner defect in the second evaluation due an intense attack of coffee berry borer, with contributed to classify product above the ideal. In both treatments, organic and control, showed a high percentage of great and medium grain. It was not possible to establish a relation among the different organic treatments tested with a physico-chemical and chemical composition of grain coffee. The coffee grain submitted to organic management showed physico-chemical and chemical characteristics similar to crops submitted to standard management. In relation to panelist analysis it was observed in the first year of conversion, there was no difference among organic treatments and organic and control treatments. In the second, it was observed a better performance in qualitative aspects from organic treatments in relation to crop submitted standard management, it was verified the positive effect of cattle manure and green fertilization on coffee beverage quality.

ASSUNTO(S)

qualidade conversion adubaÃÃo nutrition organic coffee quality produtividade productivity nutriÃÃo cafà orgÃnico ciencia de alimentos

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