Procedimentos aversivos : divergências entre as recomendações de Skinner e de Sidman e de psicoterapeutas infantis

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Questionings reffering to the recommendation of intervention procedures are not recent, especially when it is argued regarding aversive procedures. The study that is described at this article has as main objective to verify the divergences between the recommendations of intervention procedures from training books for parents, recommended for child behavioral psychotherapists, from the recommendations of the authors of the Analysis of Behavior area regarding to the use of interventions based on aversive behavioral procedures. It is considered that B.F Skinner and M.Sidman are always consulted by ther authors of the parent training area, and because of that, they were elected to be analyzed on this study. The study was divided into to steps. On the first one, a survey was carried through next to the bibliography of the basic area in Analysis of Behavior relative to the positions of the two authors elect who discuss regarding the recommendation of procedures of intervention based on the aversive control. On the second step were examined the interventional behavioral procedures by parenting training psychotherapist most recommended books. Were examined the 4 most recommended books by 32 child behavioral psychotherapists who answered a questionnaire (sent to 50 psychotherapist). The general point of view of Skinner and Sidman are already really well known: They do not recommend aversive procedures, and spite of that they recommend the use of positive reinforcement. Although, Sidman was more rigorous at his restrictiveness because while Skinner centralize his critics to punishment and recommends the use of extinction, Sidman understands its restriction regarding also to the use of negative reinforcement and extinction. Both authors are based on the fact that aversive procedures produce undesirable subproducts, specially the emotional ones. On the examine of the 4 most parent training books most recommended by the psychotherapist to parents, was verified that besides the use of procedures based on positive reinforcement there is the recommendation of procedures who are based on aversive control. Was appealing that the recommendation of the following rules procedure what includes the negative punishment an the time out recommendation (by two of the consulted books) who are based such is positive as in negative punishment. Those procedures are recommended because the authors of parent training books understand that these procedures may contribute to diminish the frequency of undesirable behaviors without resulting in undesirable subproducts. Both parent training books authors and Skinner and Sidman do not recommend physical or corporal punishment under any circumstances, because of its undesirable sub productives and because they are against the ethics of human rights. Finally comparing the point of view of these two authors of the basic area to the authors of parent training books, it is to say that while Skinner and Sidman restrict a lot the recommendation of aversive procedures, the authors of parent training books recommend the following rules and time out procedures, both considered one punishment form, as definitions of the basic area.

ASSUNTO(S)

comportamento - análise psicoterapia infantil reforço (psicologia) punição (psicologia) controle aversivo (psicologia) behavior analysis reinforcement (psychology) child psychotherapy punishment (psychology)

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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