Prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema in schoolchildren from 6 to 7 years in the west area of the city of São Paulo using the standard questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)- Phase IIIB / Prevalência de asma, rinite e eczema atópicos em escolares de 6 a 7 anos na região oeste da cidade de São Paulo, através do questionário padronizado do International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) - Fase IIIB

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The knowledge about the prevalence of allergic diseases is important to introduce prevention strategies. The written questionnaire standardized by "International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood" - ISAAC, has been used to compare epidemiological data from different regions. The aims of the present study were: to evaluate the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and allergic eczema and related symptoms, among students from 6 to 7 years in the west area of São Paulo city, through the written questionnaire from the ISAAC study, to compare this data with those obtained in ISAAC Phase I in São Paulo identifying temporal trends in the allergic diseases prevalence. METHODS: In the period from June to October/2002 written questionnaire were applied to 3312 students. The proportion differences were estimated by Qui-square or Fisher exact test. Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (IC95%) between gender and the allergic diseases were evaluated. Values of p <0,05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The prevalence found were: asthma 24,4%, medical diagnosis of asthma 5,7%, probable asthma 21,5%, rhinitis 25,7%, rhino conjunctivitis 11,3%, medical diagnosis of rhinitis 20%, atopic eczema 9,2% and the medical diagnosis by the combined criterion of eczema 5,7%. There was association among asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema in 3,8% of the schoolchildren. Male sex was prevalent in all of the subjects regarding asthma and rhinitis, but there was no difference about gender for atopic eczema. In comparison with data from ISAAC phase I, in this study it was observed higher prevalence and severity of asthma and lower values for rhinitis and eczema symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated high prevalence of asthma and rhinitis when compared to their medical diagnosis. The prevalence of atopic eczema was higher than combined criterion. The male gender predominates in all positive responses regarding asthma and rhinitis. The more frequent association was observed between asthma and rhinitis, asthma and eczema, and a low number of schoolchildren presented the three allergic diseases. Comparing with phase carried out at the south area of São Paulo city, in the west region there were higher prevalence of symptoms and severity of asthma, lower prevalence of rhinitis and eczema.

ASSUNTO(S)

questionnaires asthma child rinite eczema prevalência eczema prevalence criança rhinitis asma questionários

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