Preparation and Characterization of Hydrogels from Mixtures of Chitosan and Poly(N-Vinyl-2-Pyrrolidone) / Preparação e caraterização de hidrogéis a partir de misturas de soluções de quitosana e poli(N-vinil-2-pirrolidona)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Polymer blends are physical mixtures of two or more polymers. The interest in obtaining polymer blends, with desired physical and chemical characteristics for the most diverse applications, is increasing in the whole world. In this work, chitosan and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) blend films were developed at several ratios. Hydrogels were also obtained from co-solutions of these polymers, at diverse ratios, through crosslinking induced by ultraviolet radiation. In both cases, the materiais were characterized and evaluated in terms of their potentiality of use as biomaterial. For analysis and characterization of blends and hydrogels were utilized the techniques of infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and water vapor transmission (WVT). The results have shown that the strong interaction between PVP and chitosan leads to an increase of blend insolubility in relation to pure PVP, even with low amounts of chitosan. PVP presence increases blend hydrophilicity and causes reduction of chitosan crystallinity, as well. Another important aspect was the increase of chitosan thermal stability, influenced by the increase of PVP portion in blends. Analysis of the data seems to indicate that a SIPN was formed, where the basic net is constituted of crosslinked PVP, while chitosan is kept "imprisoned" in this net, without participating of the same, but hindered of being extracted. The study of irradiation of PVP and chitosan aqueous co-solutions generated stable hydrogels, however restricted low chitosan percentage in the mixture - up to 30%. This study also disclosed that the acetic acid presence in the solution facilitates the crosslinking process, including pure PVP solution. Permeability to water of non-irradiated and irradiated blend films of chitrosan/PVP indicates application potentiality of these materiais in medicinal and food areas. Literature describes several methods of chitosan hydrogel production, however, all basing on the use of external crosslinkers or graft of reactive groups on chitosan chain. It must be pointed out that the crosslinking system considered here does not make use of crosslinkers, photoinitiators nor incorporation of some photoreactive group into the chains of the polymers. In a general way, the results obtained from irradiated and non-irradiated polymer materials suggest they possess potentiality for some applications: as biomaterial, for example, polymer matrices for controlled drug release, dressings for simpler wounds, others.

ASSUNTO(S)

biomaterial blendas hydrogels blends chitosan polímero hidrogéis quitosana radiação ultravioleta poli(n-vinil-2-pirrolidona) ultraviolet radiation biomaterial poly(n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) polymer

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