Preparation, characterization and evaluation of iron oxides and cobalt supported on activated carbon and polymeric catalysts for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene / Preparação, caracterização e avaliação de óxidos de ferro e cobalto suportados em carvão ativado polimérico como catalisador na reação de desidrogenação do etilbenzeno

AUTOR(ES)

Carlos Rangel Neves Otto

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

In this work were synthesized catalysts supported on activated carbons, which were obtained by carbonization of a polymer matrix. The precursor of activated carbon was the sulfonated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, which was synthesized by suspension polymerization in the presence of inert diluents to produce a macroporous network structure. The chemical modification was performed by sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid in the presence of dichloroethane. The supported catalysts were obtained by two routes. In the first one oxides were co-precipitated on the modified copolymer, and then the polymer was subjected to heat treatment and carbonization followed by activation. In the second route, the copolymer was first carbonized and subjected to activation, and then oxides were produced by co-precipitation of metalic ions. In both cases the coprecipitation involved two steps: incorporation of iron and cobalt ions through an ion exchange process and then coprecipitation in alkaline and oxidizer medium. The heat treatment consists of a heating step at 250 C in air atmosphere, carbonization at 900 C under nitrogen atmosphere and activation at 900 C with a flow of nitrogen saturated with water vapor. The influence of the percentage of cobalt relative to iron in the material properties as well as catalytic activity in the reaction of dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene was investigated. The materials were characterized by their magnetism, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis, Mossbauer spectroscopy, optical microscopy, measurements of porosity by nitrogen adsorption and catalytic activity in the reaction of catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene with water vapor. It was observed that the materials prepared by the two different routes have properties quite different as the amount of metal incorporated, the formation of oxides and textural properties. It was observed that the thermal treatments influence dramatically in the oxidation state of iron due to various reactions of oxidation and reduction occurring during the stages of synthesis and catalytic evaluation. The catalysts obtained by the two routes had better textural properties than the commercial catalyst. All supported catalysts obtained were active in the reaction of dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. Even the support of activated carbon oxidized with nitric acid showed catalytic activity. Among the catalysts synthesized, those obtained by the second route had the best conjugated results of conversion and selectivity for the reaction, especially those synthesized with oxidized activated carbon. These catalysts are the most promising due their textural properties and surface functional groups of activated carbon.

ASSUNTO(S)

etilbenzeno quimica activated carbon catalisador 1. carvão ativado 2. catalisadores 3. etilbenzeno desidrogenação catalyst ethylbenzene carvão ativado

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