Precisão da ultra-sonografia bidimensional convencional e da ultra-sonografia tridimensional na avaliação do nível da lesão em fetos com espinha bífida aberta / Precision of conventional two-dimensional and threedimensional sonography in the evaluation of the lesion level in fetuses with open spina bifida

AUTOR(ES)

Márcio José Rosa Requeijo

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Introduction: Incidence of spina bifida is about 0.5 to 0.8 per 1,000 births, with neonatal mortality around 33% and handicap in about 65% of survivors. Sonography diagnoses about 80% to 100% of cases. Objective: To evaluate the precision of both two-dimensional and three-dimensional sonography in determining vertebral lesion level (the first open vertebra) in open spina bifida cases compared to postnatal radiological assessment of the newborn. Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study comprising fetuses with open spina bifida attending the Fetal Medicine division of the Obstetrics Department, HCFMUSP, from 2004 to 2008. Vertebral lesion level was established by both two-dimensional and three-dimensional sonography in 45 fetuses (two examiners in each method). Lesion level in the neonatal period was established by radiological assessment (simple X-rays) of the spine, considered as the gold standard. This was compared to the level found in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional prenatal scans. All pregnancies were followed in our hospital prenatally and delivery was scheduled in order to allow immediate postnatal surgical correction. Results: Two-dimensional sonography precisely estimated the spina bifida level in 47.7% of cases. In 77.7% of cases, the estimate error was within one vertebra, in 87.7% up to two vertebrae and in 100% up to three vertebrae, showing a good interobserver agreement. Three-dimensional sonography precisely estimated the lesion level in 44.4 of cases. In 80 % of cases, the estimate error was within one vertebra, in 88.8% up to two vertebrae and in 100% up to three vertebrae, also showing a good interobserver agreement. Whenever an estimate error was observed, both two-dimensional and three-dimensional scans tended to underestimate the true lesion level (55.3% of cases in twodimensional scans and 62% in three-dimensional). Conclusions: No relevant differences between diagnostic performance of two-dimensional and three-dimensional scans were observed. The use of three-dimensional sonography showed no additional benefit in diagnosing the lesion level in cases of spina bífida. Errors in both methods showed a tendency to underestimate the lesion level.

ASSUNTO(S)

fetus evaluation ultra-sonografia pré-natal avaliação prenatal lesions ultra-sonografia feto prenatally ultrasound lesões pré-natais spinal dysraphism ultrasound disrafismo espinal

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