Praia da Boa Viagem, Recife-PE: anÃlise sÃcio-ambiental e propostas de ordenamento

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Due to its environmental, social and economic complexity, beaches, especially urban beaches, need a special plan for their proper use. This planning must take into account the interaction between the environment (e.g. biota, substrate and water) and the socioeconomic and cultural scenarios (e.g. types of uses and conflicts). In this context, one of the main challenges to environmental managers is the implementation of consistent environmental management actions, considering a wide range of uses and types of occupation of the coastal zone, as well as the various environmental, political, social, and economic interests involved. Boa Viagem beach has become the most accessible and viable option for leisure for local residents, and visitors from adjacent districts and municipalities. In spite of being heavily frequented by the public, the area suffers from serious environmental problems as erosion, loss of vegetation cover, pollution and social stress as unplanned and informal commerce, poor infrastructure, prostitution. This study had the objective of making the environmental and socioeconomic diagnosis of the area, as a subsidy for its management; to analyse the viability of a Conservation Unit (according to Law no. 16.176 of 1996), and to propose alternative planning activities, aimed at promoting sustainable development. First, the systematization of existing knowledge was done through the identification of important knowledge gaps. Field surveys for preparation of a diagnosis about the area, needed for studying and mapping, in order to subsidize the proposed planning were also carried out. The main information about the area, for the initial diagnosis, were incorporated in a database (Geographic Information System) and used to produce thematic maps. The beach was classified into stretches according to their environmental quality (A â excellent, B â good, C â regular or D â poor), through the analysis of 60 parameters divided in natural and socio-economic subsystems. Legal instruments (Federal, State and Municipal) were examined in search of incompatibilities, and mechanisms for integrated coastal management. The creation of a coastal conservation units and environmental certification processes were discussed with respect to their suitability for urban beaches as Boa Viagem. Finally, the survey analysis and systematization of existing and field information enabled the development of a framework in which the physical, biological and man-made factors were merged to reflect the conditions existing in the area. Boa Viagem beach, despite the reduced space, presents many contrasts from the environment and socio-economic points of view. Numerous problems were identified, including solid wastes contamination, inadequacy of infrastructure in relation to demand, presence of erosion-control structures that hinder the userâs circulation and beach use, stress on sensitive areas, and unplanned commerce, with obvious aesthetic damages. The northern part of the area showed the best conditions due to the presence of a wide beach, with abundant vegetation and a minimal risk of erosion in the medium term. To the quality classification, only B and C indicators occurred, but of the 16 stretches tested, only 4 obtained the indicator B for both subsystems (natural and socioeconomic). The inability of the area as a possible Conservation Unit within of the options described in SNUC was diagnosed. However, the area still has several positive aspects, especially in its northern part, which must be recovered and protected from disorderly use. From these data, two scenarios were prepared: one following the present trends and another according to a desirable situation, to be achieved through management actions. Based on the environmental and socio-economic information, the scenarios described, the thematic maps and the knowledge of legislation relating to all aspects relevant to the issues addressed, actions of planning for the area were suggested, including a discussion on the creation of a the Conservation Unit. The following options to planning of the area were also proposed: creation of an institutional management unit, establishing of an integrated coastal management plan and deployment of an environmental certification system (such as the Blue Flag). Although they are not exclusive and may be combined in most of the study area in order to contribute effectively in improving of the area, the first two options would be the most appropriate because it would bring benefits for the entire length of the beach, targeting egalitarian forms of environmental conservation and safety for its users

ASSUNTO(S)

socio-environmental diagnosis gerenciamento costeiro oceanografia praia da boa viagem - indicadores de qualidade diagnÃstico sÃcio-ambiental boa viagem beach - quality indicators coastal management

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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