Possíveis efeitos antineoplásicos e mieloprotetores da Ipomoea carnea e de seu princípio ativo, a suainsonina, em camundongos / Possible antineoplastic and mieloprotective effects of Ipomoea carnea and its active principle swainsonine in mice

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant widely distributed in Brazil and other tropical countries. Among its active principles I. carnea has the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, which inhibits intracellular enzymes (the lysosomal α-mannosidase and the Golgi mannosidase II) and alters membrane receptors and adhesion molecules. It is known that swainsonine presents the following activities: imunommodulatory, bone marrow protective, antineoplastic e antimetastatic. Due to the therapeutical potencial suggested by other authors, the present study was performed to evaluate the antineoplastic and bone marrow protective effects of swainsonine when used alone or in association with a classic chemotherapy agent like cisplatin. Moreover, the antineoplastic effect of the I. carnea aqueous fraction (AF), when administered alone or in association with cisplatin, was evaluated. For this, male C57Bl/6 mice were randomly assigned to seven groups: UNTREATED; CONTROL; CIS (treated with cisplatin); CIS-SW (treated with cisplatin and swainsonine); SW (treated with swainsonine); CIS-AF (treated with cisplatin and I. carnea aqueous fraction); and AF (treated only with I. carnea aqueous fraction). All animals except for those from the untreated group received an intraperitoneal (ip.) inoculation of 2x107 viable Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cells on day zero. Swainsonine was administered by the ip. route twice a day (1mg/kg of body weight), cisplatin was administered by the ip. route in alternate days (0.25mg/kg) and AF (3g of I. carnea dry leaves/kg) was administered by the oral route (gavage). Survival rate, tumor growth, bone marrow and spleen cellularity were evaluated. The only group that showed a significant increase on the survival rate when compared to CONTROL was CISSW (Logrank test, p<0.05). Considering tumor growth, both CIS e CISSW groups showed significant decreases in this parameter when compared to CONTROL. However, this decrease was better observed in the CISSW group (ANOVA followed by Dunns test, p<0,001), when compared to the CONTROL. Treatment with AF did not cause significant differences. The cell cycle results (flow citometry) revealed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic tumor cells in all animals treated with cisplatin (CIS, CISSW e CISRAF), although CISSW showed better results, altering the cycle of the tumor cells more efficiently. Swainsonine did not present any relevant protective activity on the bone marrow. These results suggest the existence of a synergism when swainsonine is administered in association with cisplatin.

ASSUNTO(S)

camundongo ipomoea carnea neoplasias neoplasia mice ehrlich tumor tumor de ehrlich bone marrow medula óssea ipomoea carnea

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